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Who Supplies Every FIFA World Cup 2026 Kit?
Who Supplies Every FIFA World Cup 2026 Kit?
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways:
Adidas outfits the most teams at the 2026 FIFA World Cup (14), followed by Nike (12) and Puma (11).
The three sportswear giants supply kits for 37 of the tournament’s 48 nations, accounting for more than three-quarters of the field.
Ten other manufacturers split the remaining 11 teams, with Kelme the only smaller brand supplying more than one nation.
The competition to outfit national teams has become almost as fierce as the action on the pitch. This visualization, created by Harris Saleem using data from Tonton Sports, shows the kit supplier for each of the 48 nations competing at the expanded 2026 FIFA World Cup.
Beyond the dominant global brands, the tournament also features several regional manufacturers with national team partnerships.
The Big Three Continue to Dominate
Here’s the full breakdown of kit suppliers for all 48 nations:
BrandTeams SponsoredCountries
Adidas14 Algeria
Argentina
Belgium
Colombia
Curaçao
Germany
Japan
Mexico
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Scotland
South Africa
Spain
Sweden
Nike12 Australia
Brazil
Canada
Croatia
England
France
Netherlands
Norway
South Korea
Turkey
United States
Uruguay
Puma11 Austria
Czech Republic
Egypt
Ghana
Ivory Coast
Morocco
New Zealand
Paraguay
Portugal
Senegal
Switzerland
Kelme2 Bosnia and Herzegovina
Jordan
Capelli1 Cape Verde
Umbro1 DR Congo
Marathon1 Ecuador
Saeta1 Haiti
Majid1 Iran
Jako1 Iraq
Reebok1 Panama
Kappa1 Tunisia
7Saber1 Uzbekistan
Adidas, Nike, and Puma have turned the World Cup into a three-brand contest. Together, they supply 37 of the tournament’s 48 teams, leaving just 11 nations spread across 10 other manufacturers.
Adidas leads with 14 teams, including Argentina, Germany, Spain, Japan, and Mexico. Nike follows with 12, including Brazil, England, France, the Netherlands, the United States, and co-host Canada. Puma ranks third with 11 teams, including Portugal, Morocco, Senegal, Switzerland, and Uruguay.
Among the smaller suppliers, Kelme is the only brand outfitting more than one nation, supplying Bosnia and Herzegovina and Jordan. Regional manufacturers such as Marathon in Ecuador, Majid in Iran, and Saeta in Haiti retain prominent partnerships in their home markets.
Changing Partnerships Reflect a Shifting Market
National team sponsorship deals are constantly evolving. Germany’s decision to switch from Adidas to Nike after decades of partnership marked one of the sport’s biggest commercial shake-ups and illustrated how fiercely brands compete for international visibility.
World Cup sponsorship gives apparel companies access to a vast global audience. Many of the participating nations also feature athletes associated with the world’s most commercially powerful clubs, reflecting the broader economics behind the world’s most valuable sports teams.
More Than Just a Jersey
Modern World Cup kits combine performance features with national storytelling. Colors, historical references, Indigenous motifs, and cultural symbols can turn each jersey into both athletic apparel and an expression of national identity.
That symbolism can also spark debate over flags, cultural imagery, and national messaging. Equipment worn by individual players can attract similar attention, as seen in the discussion surrounding bright pink boots worn across multiple brands during the tournament.
The expanded 48-team World Cup has created the largest kit-supply field in the competition’s history. Adidas, Nike, and Puma remain firmly in control, but the presence of 10 smaller manufacturers gives regional brands a place on football’s biggest stage.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
Want to explore more World Cup history? Check out All FIFA World Cup Winners (1930–2022) on the Voronoi app.
Ranked: The Deepest Points in the World’s Oceans
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Ranked: The Deepest Points in the World’s Oceans
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Challenger Deep in the Pacific Ocean reaches 6.8 miles below sea level, making it deeper than Mount Everest is tall.
The Pacific’s deepest point is about 30% deeper than the Atlantic Ocean’s deepest location.
The Arctic Ocean’s Molloy Hole is the shallowest entry in the ranking at 3.5 miles, nearly half the depth of Challenger Deep.
The ocean floor contains some of Earth’s most extreme environments, with trenches and deep basins extending miles below sea level.
This visualization ranks the deepest known point in each of the world’s five oceans, highlighting the exceptional depth of the Pacific Ocean’s Mariana Trench.
The data for this visualization comes from Earth-Science Reviews and covers the Pacific, Atlantic, Southern, Indian, and Arctic Oceans.
The Deepest Ocean Points on Earth
Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench reaches 6.8 miles (10.9 kilometers) below sea level, about one mile farther than Mount Everest is tall. It is the deepest known point in Earth’s oceans and illustrates the extraordinary scale of the Pacific’s trench system.
The data table below ranks the deepest known point in each ocean:
RankDeepest PointOceanDepth in milesDepth in meters
1Challenger Deep (Mariana Trench)Pacific Ocean6.7910,925
2Puerto Rico TrenchAtlantic Ocean5.228,408
3South Sandwich TrenchSouthern Ocean4.597,385
4Java TrenchIndian Ocean4.537,290
5Molloy HoleArctic Ocean3.525,669
Although every location in this ranking is exceptionally deep, Challenger Deep occupies a class of its own.
The next-deepest entry, the Puerto Rico Trench in the Atlantic Ocean, reaches 5.2 miles below sea level. In other words, Challenger Deep is 30% deeper.
How Depths Compare Across the Five Oceans
Due to its highly active tectonic subduction zones, the Pacific Ocean’s western rim contains many of the world’s deepest trenches. Challenger Deep only narrowly exceeds other deep Pacific locations, including the Tonga Trench and Philippine Trench, which reach roughly 6.7 and 6.5 miles, respectively.
The Atlantic Ocean’s Puerto Rico Trench and the Southern Ocean’s South Sandwich Trench, ranked second and third, are separated by 0.6 miles (0.97 kilometers).
The South Sandwich Trench and the Indian Ocean’s Java Trench are separated by just 0.06 miles (95 meters), the smallest gap in the ranking.
The Arctic Ocean’s Molloy Hole is still extremely deep at 3.5 miles, but the Mariana Trench extends nearly twice as far below sea level.
Why Measuring the Deep Ocean Is Difficult
Accurately measuring the deepest parts of the ocean remains challenging. An estimated 99.999% of the deep ocean remains visually unexplored. These areas are remote, completely dark, cold, highly pressurized, and often shaped by complex seafloor terrain.
Because of these conditions, some values in the dataset are listed as approximations, including the depths of the South Sandwich Trench and Java Trench.
This uncertainty highlights how little of the deep ocean has been directly observed. Despite advances in sonar mapping and deep-sea exploration, vast areas remain unseen, leaving room for future discoveries beneath the ocean’s surface.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Ranked: The World’s Deepest Caves on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Mapped: The Largest Non-Christian Religion in Every U.S. State
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Mapped: The Largest Non-Christian Religion in Every U.S. State
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Islam accounts for nearly half of all recorded non-Christian adherents in the U.S. Religion Census.
New York has the country’s largest recorded non-Christian population, at roughly 1.7 million people, and the highest share, at 8.5%.
Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, and the Baha’i Faith dominate in a handful of regional pockets.
Christianity remains the largest religion across the United States, but the country’s leading non-Christian faith varies considerably by region.
Using estimates from the 2020 U.S. Religion Census, this map shows the largest recorded non-Christian religion in every state. Several Western states are led by Buddhism or Hinduism, while local historical and demographic patterns produce a number of unexpected outliers.
Conducted every 10 years, the census tracks religious congregations and estimates adherents across hundreds of faith traditions.
Islam Leads Across Most of the Country
One of the map’s biggest surprises is Islam’s geographic reach.
It ranks as the largest recorded non-Christian religion across nearly half of all U.S. states, spanning much of the Midwest, South, Northeast, and several major coastal states.
State NameLargest Religion after Christianity
AlabamaIslam
AlaskaBuddhism
ArizonaIslam
ArkansasIslam
CaliforniaIslam
ColoradoHinduism
ConnecticutIslam
DelawareHinduism
District of ColumbiaReform Judaism
FloridaIslam
GeorgiaIslam
HawaiiBuddhism
IdahoIslam
IllinoisIslam
IndianaIslam
IowaIslam
KansasHinduism
KentuckyIslam
LouisianaIslam
MaineIslam
MarylandIslam
MassachusettsIslam
MichiganIslam
MinnesotaIslam
MississippiIslam
MissouriIslam
MontanaBuddhism
NebraskaHinduism
NevadaBuddhism
New HampshireConservative Judaism
New JerseyIslam
New MexicoHinduism
New YorkIslam
North CarolinaIslam
North DakotaIslam
OhioIslam
OklahomaIslam
OregonHinduism
PennsylvaniaIslam
Rhode IslandReform Judaism
South CarolinaBahá’í Faith
South DakotaBahá’í Faith
TennesseeIslam
TexasIslam
UtahIslam
VermontIslam
VirginiaIslam
WashingtonBuddhism
West VirginiaReform Judaism
WisconsinIslam
WyomingBahá’í Faith
Muslim communities are especially large in states with major urban centers and long histories of immigration.
New York records roughly 724,000 Muslim adherents, the largest recorded non-Christian religious community in any state. More broadly, New York is home to about 1.7 million non-Christian adherents overall, the highest total in the country.
California follows with more than 504,000 Muslim adherents, while Illinois has approximately 474,000.
Buddhism and Hinduism Stand Out in the West
Several Western and Pacific states break from the broader national pattern.
Mahayana Buddhism is the largest non-Christian religion in Hawaii, Nevada, and Washington. Hawaii is the clearest example, with nearly 47,000 adherents, equal to 3.2% of the state’s population.
The state’s Buddhist population reflects its longstanding cultural ties to Japan, China, Korea, and other parts of Asia. Other Buddhist traditions lead in Alaska and Montana.
Hinduism ranks first in Colorado, Delaware, Kansas, Nebraska, and Oregon. These communities are smaller in absolute terms, but they still represent the largest recorded non-Christian faith in those states.
History Creates Several Notable Outliers
Several states reflect distinctive historical or demographic influences that produce very different outcomes.
Reform Judaism is the largest non-Christian religion in the District of Columbia, Rhode Island, and West Virginia. Conservative Judaism ranks first in New Hampshire.
The Bahá’í Faith leads in South Carolina, South Dakota, and Wyoming. In these states, even relatively small communities can rank first because the overall number of recorded non-Christian adherents is lower.
New Mexico is another outlier. There, Hindu yoga and meditation organizations form the largest recorded group after Christianity.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out America’s Most Religious States on Voronoi.
Ranked: Where Households Pay the Highest Energy Bills
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Ranked: Where Households Pay the Highest Energy Bills
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Sweden has the world’s highest household energy spending, at $1,926 per person in 2025.
Europe accounts for 24 of the top 30 countries, highlighting the region’s unusually high household energy costs.
The U.S. ranks 16th, while spending falls sharply across most emerging economies.
This visualization ranks select countries by annual household energy spending per person in 2025.
The figures include electricity, gas, heating, and other fuels used in the home, but exclude transportation costs.
European countries dominate the upper end of the ranking, while household energy spending is substantially lower across much of Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
The data for this visualization comes from the International Energy Agency’s Household Energy Expenditure Database.
Europe Dominates the Top of the Ranking
Sweden ranks first, with annual household energy spending of $1,926 per person. Finland follows at $1,786, while Austria places third at $1,709.
View where all 66 countries from the analysis fall in the following table:
RankCountryEnergy spending per person, 2025 (USD)
1 Sweden$1,926
2 Finland$1,786
3 Austria$1,709
4 Denmark$1,583
5 Germany$1,450
6 Switzerland$1,388
7 Czechia$1,214
8 France$1,195
9 Italy$1,139
10 Netherlands$1,137
11 Greenland$1,132
12 Norway$1,127
13 Luxembourg$1,111
14 Belgium$1,107
15 Ireland$1,087
16 U.S.$1,042
17 UK$965
18 Cyprus$951
19 Slovenia$812
20 Poland$786
21 Greece$764
22 Canada$748
23 Spain$710
24 Moldova$695
25 Lithuania$692
26 Japan$683
27 New Zealand$675
28 Croatia$637
29 Portugal$633
30 Slovakia$594
31 Chile$587
32 Serbia$587
33 Uruguay$574
34 Romania$464
35 North Macedonia$451
36 Botswana$450
37 Bulgaria$444
38 Korea$428
39 Montenegro$424
40 Hungary$378
41 Singapore$342
42 Malta$318
43 Kosovo$294
44 Taiwan$273
45 Brazil$256
46 Albania$247
47 Costa Rica$213
48 Armenia$200
49 China$173
50 Philippines$160
51 Georgia$143
52 Ukraine$136
53 Türkiye$135
54 Dominican Republic$134
55 Belarus$123
56 Ecuador$119
57 Jordan$116
58 Kazakhstan$102
59 Viet Nam$95
60 Senegal$89
61 Tunisia$72
62 Pakistan$54
63 India$52
64 Egypt$35
65 Algeria$29
66 Bolivia$25
At the opposite end of the ranking, Bolivia records spending of just $25 per person, followed by Algeria at $29 and Egypt at $35.
Why Some Countries Spend More on Energy Bills
High household energy spending reflects a mix of factors rather than prices alone. Colder climates require more heating, higher incomes often support larger homes and greater energy use, including air conditioning, and many European countries also face relatively high retail electricity and gas prices.
Outside Europe, the United States, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, Chile, and Uruguay are among the few economies appearing near the top of the ranking.
Even within Europe, spending varies considerably, reflecting differences in climate, fuel mix, housing efficiency, and government support.
North America Sits Below Europe’s Leaders
The United States ranks 16th, with household energy spending of $1,042 per person. This is less than Sweden’s total, but still significantly higher than spending across most of Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
Canada ranks 22nd at $748 per person, despite its colder climate.
Large Gaps Across Emerging Markets
Household energy spending drops sharply further down the ranking. China records annual spending of $173 per person, while India spends $52 and Pakistan spends $54. Several African countries appear near the bottom, including Senegal at $89, Tunisia at $72, Egypt at $35, and Algeria at $29.
Lower household energy spending should not be interpreted as greater efficiency. It can also reflect lower incomes, limited access to modern energy services, smaller living spaces, warmer climates, government subsidies, or lower electricity and fuel prices.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Ranked: The World’s Biggest Electricity Consumers on Voronoi.
Ranked: The World’s Most Valuable Restaurant Chains
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Ranked: The World’s Most Valuable Restaurant Chains
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
McDonald’s is the world’s most valuable restaurant chain, with a market capitalization of $195.1 billion—more than the next eight companies combined.
Chipotle and Yum! Brands round out the top three, each valued at roughly $45 billion.
U.S.-based companies account for 11 of the world’s 20 most valuable public restaurant chains.
The global restaurant industry is dominated by a few multinational chains, especially American ones. One company sits well ahead of its competition.
This graphic ranks the top 20 public restaurant companies by market capitalization as of July 2026, using data from CompaniesMarketCap. Only publicly traded companies are included.
The Golden Arches and a Golden Valuation
At $195.1 billion, McDonald’s is valued at more than four times Chipotle, the second-largest company in the ranking. Its global franchise network, brand recognition, and consistent profitability have helped it build an unmatched valuation in the restaurant industry.
The table below ranks the most valuable restaurant companies by market capitalization as of July 2026.
RankRestaurant NameMarket Cap (billions $)
1 McDonald's195.1
2 Chipotle Mexican Grill45.2
3 Yum! Brands45.1
4 Restaurant Brands International34.3
5 Darden Restaurants23.4
6 Yum China14.8
7 Texas Roadhouse12.5
8 Domino's Pizza10
9 Zensho Holdings8.5
10 CAVA Group8.4
11 Brinker International7.9
12 Hai Di Lao Hot Pot7.6
13 Food & Life Companies6.8
14 McDonald's Japan6.3
15 Americana Restaurants International4.7
16 Wingstop Restaurants4.2
17 The Cheesecake Factory4.1
18 Skylark Holdings4.1
19 Jollibee2.7
20 Shake Shack2.5
McDonald’s was founded in 1940 by two brothers in San Bernardino, California, and expanded overseas within a few decades. The company now has more than 40,000 locations worldwide, with particularly large footprints in the U.S., China, and Japan.
The company’s Japanese subsidiary alone has a market capitalization of $6.3 billion. Den Fujita founded the local subsidiary and opened Japan’s first McDonald’s restaurant in 1971.
U.S. Restaurant Hegemony
The next two companies in the ranking, Chipotle ($45.2 billion) and Yum! Brands ($45.1 billion), are also based in the United States. Overall, American companies account for 11 of the top 20, including fast-growing CAVA ($8.4 billion).
Chipotle was founded as an early fast-casual restaurant in Denver, Colorado, in 1993. McDonald’s owned a 90% majority stake in the company before divesting in 2006.
Meanwhile, Yum! Brands is a Louisville-based fast-food corporation that owns major chains including Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, and Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC). Its Chinese subsidiary was spun off in 2016 and has a market capitalization of $14.8 billion a decade later.
The Most Valuable Non-American Restaurant Companies
Several international restaurant groups have also built multibillion-dollar valuations.
Restaurant Brands International (RBI) is a Canadian company valued at $34.3 billion that operates major restaurant chains including Burger King, Popeyes, and Tim Hortons. Americana Restaurants International, a UAE-based company valued at $4.7 billion, has similarly diverse fast-food holdings and is 50% owned by Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund.
Other highly valued restaurant companies are based in East Asia, including China’s Haidilao ($7.6 billion) and Japan’s Zensho Holdings ($8.5 billion).
Learn More on the Voronoi App
Curious how one Mediterranean-inspired entry on this list is growing so rapidly? Check out Cava is valued at $35M per restaurant on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Mapped: America’s Best States to Move to in 2026
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Mapped: America’s Best States to Move to in 2026
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
New Hampshire ranks as America’s best state to move to in 2026, driven by high scores in safety, healthcare and education, and quality of life.
New England dominates the rankings, with four states finishing in the national top 10.
California ranks last for affordability, while New Mexico finishes last overall after receiving the country’s lowest safety score.
From rising housing costs to job prospects, Americans have plenty to consider when deciding where to move.
Using data from ConsumerAffairs, this map ranks every U.S. state based on a weighted combination of affordability, safety, education and healthcare, economic strength, and quality of life.
Happy Living in the Granite State
With a nationwide-high score of 68.51, New Hampshire ranks as the best state to move to in 2026, placing highly in four of the five categories.
The small Northeastern state ranks second nationwide for both safety and quality of life, third for education and healthcare, and seventh for economic strength.
The table below ranks all 50 states by their overall composite scores, making it easy to see how your state compares nationally.
RankStateTotal Score
1New Hampshire68.51
2Utah66.22
3Idaho65.50
4Virginia62.37
5Maine61.86
6Massachusetts59.01
7South Dakota58.33
8Nebraska58.33
9Vermont58.15
10Wyoming57.40
11North Dakota57.36
12Iowa57.33
13Connecticut57.26
14Minnesota57.00
15Montana56.42
16Wisconsin56.11
17Rhode Island55.69
18Maryland55.51
19Pennsylvania54.84
20New Jersey54.22
21Florida54.06
22Colorado52.69
23Georgia51.74
24North Carolina51.53
25Indiana51.23
26Kentucky51.10
27Ohio50.72
28Delaware50.71
29Kansas50.30
30Hawaii49.97
31Washington49.67
32Alabama49.00
33Missouri48.34
34Illinois48.17
35West Virginia47.49
36Michigan47.45
37Texas47.38
38Tennessee46.73
39South Carolina46.53
40New York45.88
41Arizona45.62
42Oregon44.94
43Mississippi44.92
44Alaska44.06
45Nevada42.39
46Oklahoma39.96
47Arkansas39.76
48California38.06
49Louisiana33.45
50New Mexico28.99
Affordability is the only category in which New Hampshire places outside the top half of the country. There it ranks 26th nationwide, making it less affordable than many of its closest competitors.
Despite its cost-of-living challenges, New Hampshire’s strong safety and quality-of-life scores have helped it remain one of the fastest-growing states in the Northeast.
New England’s High Scores
Beyond New Hampshire, the wider New England region also performs strongly. Three other states place in the nation’s top quintile by overall score: Maine (61.86), Massachusetts (59.01), and Vermont (58.15).
New England performs particularly well in categories that matter to families. The region includes two of the country’s three safest states and two of its three highest-ranked states for quality of life.
Its strongest results come in education and healthcare, with four of the country’s five highest-ranked states located in New England.
The Mixed Results of the Big Four
California, Florida, New York, and Texas are home to four of the country’s largest state economies, but their results as destinations for movers vary widely.
New York (45.88), for example, ranks seventh in both quality of life and education and healthcare, but places lower in affordability and economic strength. Meanwhile, Florida (54.06) and Texas (47.38) score well for economic strength but rank lower in categories tied to public services.
California (38.06) ranks last in affordability and second-to-last in safety, ahead of only New Mexico (28.99). However, the Golden State still places among the country’s top 15 for quality of life.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
Wondering how states compare on quality of life? Check out Massachusetts Ranked #1 Best State to Live on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Ranked: The World’s Most and Least Livable Cities in 2026
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The World’s Most and Least Livable Cities in 2026
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Copenhagen tops the EIU’s 2026 Global Liveability Index with a score of 98.
Europe and Australia account for seven of the world’s 10 highest-ranked cities.
Damascus ranks last among the 173 cities evaluated.
The Economist Intelligence Unit’s (EIU) Global Liveability Index measures quality of life across five categories: stability, healthcare, education, infrastructure, and culture.
This visualization compares the highest- and lowest-ranked cities in the 2026 edition of the index, revealing which urban centers provide the strongest living conditions—and which continue to be held back by conflict, political instability, or underdeveloped public services.
Copenhagen Takes the Top Spot
Copenhagen claimed the top spot with an overall score of 98 out of 100, becoming the first city outside Vienna to lead the EIU’s rankings in several years.
RankMost Livable CitiesCountryOverall Score (0-100)
1Copenhagen Denmark98
2Vienna Austria97
3Melbourne Australia97
4Sydney Australia97
5Zurich Switzerland96
6Geneva Switzerland96
7Osaka Japan96
8Adelaide Australia96
9Vancouver Canada96
10Tokyo Japan96
The Danish capital scored highly for its public services, safe neighborhoods, efficient transportation, healthcare, and environmental standards.
Vienna placed second, followed by Australia’s two largest cities, Melbourne and Sydney.
Europe and Australia Lead the Rankings
Cities in Europe and Australia continue to set the global benchmark for urban quality of life, supported by extensive public services, transportation networks, healthcare systems, and urban infrastructure.
Switzerland placed Zurich and Geneva in the top six, while Australia was represented by Melbourne, Sydney, and Adelaide.
Japan also performed strongly, with Osaka and Tokyo both earning scores of 96.
Vancouver was the only North American city to make the top 10, reflecting Canada’s continued reputation for urban livability.
Conflict and Instability Weigh on the Lowest-Ranked Cities
At the bottom of the index, conflict, political instability, economic pressures, and weak infrastructure can make it difficult to provide reliable public services.
Damascus received the lowest score at 32, followed by Tripoli and Dhaka.
RankLeast Liveable CitiesCountryOverall Score
164Tehran Iran45
165Harare Zimbabwe45
166Kyiv Ukraine45
167Port Moresby Papua New Guinea44
168Lagos Nigeria44
169Algiers Algeria43
170Karachi Pakistan43
171Dhaka Bangladesh42
172Tripoli Libya41
173Damascus Syria32
Cities including Kyiv, Tehran, Karachi, and Lagos also appeared near the bottom of the index. Many face security concerns or strained public services that reduce day-to-day quality of life.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out How Happy Are the World’s Population Giants? on Voronoi.
Mapped: The U.S. States Registering the Most New Cars
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Mapped: The U.S. States Registering the Most New Cars
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Oklahoma records nearly twice as many new vehicle registrations per resident as any other state, largely due to commercial fleet registrations.
Tax policies help push states such as New Hampshire and Montana toward the top of the ranking.
The map tracks where new vehicles are titled, not necessarily where Americans are buying the most cars.
The states registering the most new vehicles are not always the country’s largest auto markets.
Fleet activity, tax policies, and state registration rules can significantly influence where newly sold vehicles are titled, producing some surprising results.
This map shows new vehicle registrations per 1,000 residents across all 50 U.S. states in 2025. The data comes from S&P Global Mobility via F&I Tools, with population figures from the U.S. Census Bureau.
Why Oklahoma Tops the Ranking
Oklahoma records 148.1 new vehicle registrations per 1,000 residents, nearly double the rate of second-place Vermont and more than four times California’s rate.
The gap shows how registration policies can outweigh underlying consumer demand.
RankStateNew vehicle registrations per 1,000 residents (2025)
1Oklahoma148.1
2Vermont76.2
3New Hampshire71.6
4Florida63.6
5Montana60.6
6Michigan57.8
7New Jersey55.2
8North Dakota55.1
9Missouri52.6
10Arizona52.2
11Rhode Island51.3
12Texas50.4
13Delaware48.5
14Massachusetts48.3
15Nevada48.2
16Louisiana47.3
17Ohio47.1
18Georgia46.7
19Hawaii46.5
20Maine46.5
21California45.9
22Tennessee45.7
23Illinois45.5
24Pennsylvania45.2
25West Virginia45.1
26New York44.9
27Alaska44.5
28Arkansas43.7
29Alabama43.2
30North Carolina43.1
31Minnesota43.1
32Nebraska42.7
33Wisconsin42.5
34South Carolina42.2
35Utah41.9
36Wyoming41.9
37Virginia41.5
38Connecticut41.1
39Iowa39.9
40Idaho39.6
41Mississippi38.4
42New Mexico38.2
43Oregon37.5
44South Dakota37.5
45Colorado37
46Indiana36.9
47Maryland36.3
48Washington36
49Kansas35
50Kentucky33.9
Oklahoma’s ranking is largely explained by its vehicle registration system, which charges a flat, age-based fee instead of a value-based property tax.
This makes the state attractive to commercial fleets looking to title vehicles, substantially increasing the number of new vehicles registered there each year.
Tax Policies Shape the Leaderboard
Oklahoma is not the only outlier. Several other highly ranked states have policies that make them attractive places to register vehicles, including lower taxes, fewer fees, or specialized registration rules.
New Hampshire, which ranks third, has no statewide sales tax, reducing the upfront cost of purchasing a vehicle.
Montana has become well known for Limited Liability Company (LLC) structures that allow owners of luxury vehicles and RVs to register them without paying sales tax.
Florida, meanwhile, combines a lack of mandatory vehicle safety inspections with a large rental car industry and a sizable retiree population, helping it rank fourth nationally.
New Registrations Are Different From Vehicles Per Capita
These rankings capture one year of new registrations rather than the total number of vehicles on the road.
States with favorable registration policies can therefore rank much higher than their underlying consumer demand might suggest. For a broader view of vehicle ownership, see our previous graphic on America’s vehicles per capita.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed today’s post, explore how electric vehicles accounted for one in four cars sold worldwide in 2025 on Voronoi.
America’s Largest Private Companies by Revenue
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America’s Largest Private Companies by Revenue
Key Takeaways
Cargill generates $154 billion in annual revenue, making it America’s largest private company.
Only Cargill and Koch exceed $100 billion in annual revenue.
More than half of the top 15 companies operate in food, grocery, or beverage-related industries.
Public companies often dominate headlines, but some of America’s biggest businesses remain privately held and largely out of the public eye.
This visualization ranks the 15 largest U.S. private companies by annual revenue using Forbes data as of December 2025.
While AI startups like OpenAI and Anthropic command enormous valuations, their revenues remain a fraction of those generated by long-established food, retail, and industrial companies.
Cargill: The Grain Giant
No private company generates more revenue than Cargill, at $154 billion annually.
That figure trails Amazon’s $717 billion in annual revenue, but Cargill’s sales still exceed those of many household-name public companies. The company has remained privately owned since its founding in 1865.
The following table ranks the largest U.S. private companies by annual revenue as of December 2025.
RankNameIndustryRevenue (billions $)
1CargillFood & Drink154
2KochMulticompany125
3Publix Super MarketsFood Markets59.7
4MarsFood & Drink55
5H-E-B Grocery CompanyFood Markets49.6
6Reyes HoldingsFood, Drink & Tobacco44
7Enterprise MobilityServices38
8Fidelity InvestmentsInsurance32.7
9Southern Glazer's Wine & SpiritsFood, Drink & Tobacco25
10Cox EnterprisesMedia23.5
11BechtelConstruction23
12Gordon Food ServiceFood, Drink & Tobacco23
13JM Family EnterprisesConsumer Durables22.8
14MeijerFood Markets22
15Love's Travel Stops & Country StoresConvenience Stores & Gas Stations21.6
Headquartered in Minnesota, Cargill is a major global producer of agricultural commodities such as grain, meat, and palm oil. It employs more than 150,000 people across 70 countries.
Cargill is one of the world’s largest food companies and is responsible for roughly one-quarter of all U.S. grain exports. It also operates a division dedicated to managing risk across international commodity markets.
The company is one of the Big Four meatpackers and produces more than one-fifth of all U.S. meat. As of 2026, the Cargill-MacMillan family continues to own more than 85% of the firm.
Top Revenues in the Food and Beverage Industry
Beyond Cargill, many of America’s largest private companies operate in food-related industries. Confectionery company Mars generates $55 billion in annual revenue and is best known for brands such as Snickers, M&M’s, and Skittles. It is also a major pet food manufacturer.
Other leading private food companies include Publix Super Markets ($59.7 billion), H-E-B Grocery Company ($49.6 billion), Reyes Holdings ($44 billion), Southern Glazer’s Wine & Spirits ($25 billion), Gordon Food Service ($23 billion), and Meijer ($22 billion).
Food companies dominate the ranking because they operate in essential, high-volume markets with steady demand. Commodity producers, grocery chains, and food distributors process enormous sales volumes, allowing their revenues to rival or exceed those of many large public corporations.
The Top Non-Food Private Companies
Koch, Inc. generates $125 billion in annual revenue, making it the largest private company outside the food and beverage sector. The Wichita-based conglomerate operates through dozens of subsidiaries spanning energy, paper, chemicals, fertilizer, finance, and other industries.
Enterprise Mobility generates $38 billion in annual revenue and controls roughly 40% of the car-rental market, making it the industry leader. It is followed by financial services company Fidelity Investments, which generates $32.7 billion and is one of the world’s largest asset managers.
Several lesser-known companies also rank highly. Bechtel, for example, generates $23 billion in annual revenue and is the second-largest construction company in the United States.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To see how private companies are using mergers and acquisitions to grow, read Record-breaking private company M&A on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Mapped: Where People Think Quality of Life Is Best
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Mapped: Where People Think Quality of Life Is Best
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Sweden ranks first for perceived quality of life in the 2026 Best Countries Index, ahead of Denmark and Canada.
Canada is the highest-ranked country in the Americas, while the U.S. ranks below every other G7 nation.
Eight of the world’s top 10 countries are in Europe, reflecting the region’s strong global reputation for quality of life.
If you could live anywhere in the world, where would you choose?
The 2026 Best Countries Index from The Wharton School reveals where people around the world believe quality of life is highest. Based on responses from more than 15,000 adults across 33 countries, the rankings measure international perceptions of 85 nations.
Rather than relying solely on economic or demographic indicators, the index reflects how countries are viewed across factors including affordability, job opportunities, family friendliness, political stability, and overall well-being.
What the Top-Ranked Countries Have in Common
Stable institutions, high levels of trust, and strong public services have helped countries such as Sweden, Denmark, and Switzerland build reputations as some of the world’s most desirable places to live.
In the table below, countries are scored relative to Sweden, which ranks first with a score of 100.
RankCountry2026 Quality of Life Score
1 Sweden100.0
2 Denmark98.2
3 Canada95.0
4 Switzerland94.8
5 Finland92.4
6 Norway92.4
7 Netherlands90.8
8 Australia87.5
9 Germany82.9
10 Belgium78.6
11 Austria76.7
12 New Zealand74.0
13 UK73.7
14 Japan73.4
15 Luxembourg69.9
16 Ireland63.5
17 Singapore61.6
18 Poland59.6
19 Spain56.7
20 France56.2
21 Portugal56.1
22 Iceland55.8
23 UAE52.2
24 South Korea51.7
25 Italy49.9
26 China49.8
27 U.S.48.6
28 Greece36.2
29 Saudi Arabia35.6
30 Czechia32.3
31 Thailand31.5
32 Malaysia30.8
33 Hungary28.3
34 Türkiye26.4
35 Croatia26.2
36 Indonesia24.7
37 Vietnam24.1
38 Kuwait23.4
39 Mexico22.8
40 Slovenia22.4
41 Romania21.8
42 Latvia21.6
43 Malta21.2
44 Philippines21.0
45 Bulgaria20.8
46 India20.5
47 Slovakia19.9
48 Morocco19.7
49 Argentina18.4
50 Bahrain18.3
51 Egypt18.3
52 Cyprus18.2
53 Brazil17.9
54 Russia17.3
55 Estonia17.1
56 Uruguay15.7
57 Chile15.6
58 Lithuania14.9
59 Oman14.7
60 Costa Rica13.5
61 Tunisia12.7
62 Peru12.1
63 Israel11.9
64 Cambodia11.8
65 Bangladesh11.3
66 Panama10.8
67 Jordan10.6
68 Dominican Republic9.9
69 Colombia9.7
70 Ecuador9.3
71 Sri Lanka9.2
72 Guatemala9.1
73 South Africa8.6
74 Serbia8.6
75 Kenya8.5
76 Belarus8.2
77 Algeria8.0
78 Ghana8.0
79 Uzbekistan7.3
80 Azerbaijan7.0
81 Cameroon6.5
82 Kazakhstan4.4
83 Lebanon4.1
84 Iran1.8
85 Ukraine0.0
Nordic countries have also topped the World Happiness Report for years, suggesting that their strong global reputations are supported by consistently high levels of life satisfaction.
The Exceptions to Europe’s Dominance
Canada ranks third overall, making it the highest-ranked country in the Americas. Australia is the only other country outside Europe to reach the global top 10, breaking up an otherwise heavily European leaderboard.
The U.S. ranks behind every other G7 economy after falling 10 places since 2018. The result shows how international perceptions can differ from economic size or geopolitical influence.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on the world’s most prosperous countries in 2026.
Mapped: The Share of Seniors in Every U.S. State
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Mapped: The Share of Seniors in Every U.S. State
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Key Takeaways
Maine has the highest share of seniors in the country, with 23.5% of residents aged 65 or older.
Seniors account for more than one in five residents across much of the Northeast, as well as Florida and several Western states.
Utah has the lowest share of seniors, at 12.4%, roughly half of Maine’s share.
America’s population is aging, but the trend looks very different from one state to the next.
Using the latest U.S. Census Bureau data via USAFacts, this map shows the share of residents aged 65 and older in every state.
These differences have growing implications for healthcare, housing, public services, and the workforce.
The States With the Highest Share of Seniors
The Northeast is home to many of the states with the highest shares of seniors. Maine (23.5%), Vermont (22.9%), Delaware (21.7%), and New Hampshire (21.5%) all rank near the top. Florida and Hawaii also stand out, with retirees helping to push their senior shares above one in five.
RankStateShare of Population
(Aged 65+, 2024)Total Senior Population
(2024)
1Maine23.5%330K
2Vermont22.9%148K
3West Virginia21.9%387K
4Florida21.8%5.1M
5Delaware21.7%228K
6Hawaii21.5%311K
7New Hampshire21.5%303K
8Montana21.2%241K
9Pennsylvania20.4%2.7M
10New Mexico20.1%429K
11Wyoming20.0%117K
12Oregon19.9%850K
13South Carolina19.8%1.1M
14Rhode Island19.8%220K
15Arizona19.7%1.5M
16Michigan19.6%2.0M
17Wisconsin19.6%1.2M
18Connecticut19.4%713K
19Ohio19.1%2.3M
20South Dakota19.0%176K
21New York18.9%3.8M
22Iowa18.9%613K
23Massachusetts18.7%1.3M
24Missouri18.7%1.2M
25Alabama18.5%955K
26Minnesota18.2%1.1M
27Arkansas18.2%563K
28Mississippi18.1%531K
29New Jersey18.0%1.7M
30Kentucky18.0%826K
31Kansas18.0%534K
32Illinois17.9%2.3M
33North Carolina17.9%2.0M
34Louisiana17.8%820K
35Idaho17.8%356K
36Virginia17.6%1.6M
37Tennessee17.6%1.3M
38Indiana17.6%1.2M
39Maryland17.6%1.1M
40Nevada17.6%575K
41North Dakota17.6%140K
42Nebraska17.4%348K
43Washington17.3%1.4M
44Oklahoma16.9%692K
45California16.5%6.5M
46Colorado16.5%980K
47Georgia15.8%1.8M
48Alaska14.8%109K
49Texas14.0%4.4M
50District of Columbia12.9%91K
51Utah12.4%435K
-- U.S. Average17.7%61.2M
At the other end of the ranking, fast-growing states with younger populations, including Utah and Texas, remain well below the national average. Migration patterns and birth rates continue to shape these demographic differences.
Overall, the senior share in Maine is nearly twice as high as in Utah, illustrating the wide age gap between states.
Why America’s Population Is Aging
Several long-term demographic trends are pushing America’s population older.
The Baby Boomer generation is entering retirement, Americans are living longer, and birth rates have fallen to historic lows. At the same time, retiree migration is increasing the share of older residents in some states, while younger adults are concentrating in fast-growing metro areas.
The demographic balance is nearing a historic turning point. By 2034, older adults are projected to outnumber children nationwide for the first time.
These shifts are already reshaping demand for healthcare, housing, and public services. They also help explain why some states are aging faster than others and why the gaps may continue to widen.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on immigration’s role in state population growth.
The Only Region Gaining Foreign Investment in 2026
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The Only Region Gaining Foreign Investment in 2026
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Key Takeaways
Global greenfield investment projects fell 17.5% year over year from March to May 2026.
North America was the only region to record an increase, with project announcements rising 4.2%.
The Middle East recorded the sharpest decline, with new projects down 67.1%.
Companies announced far fewer foreign investment projects in early 2026 as geopolitical uncertainty weighed on business confidence worldwide. North America was the only major region to attract more greenfield investment projects than a year earlier.
This graphic compares foreign direct investment (FDI) project announcements across global regions from March to May 2026 with the same period in 2025, using preliminary data from fDi Intelligence.
North America: The Safe Haven
North America recorded 1,517 greenfield FDI project announcements between March and May, up 4.2% from the same period in 2025. It was also the only region to post year-over-year growth.
The table below shows the number of FDI project announcements in each region in 2025 and 2026.
Region2025 FDI
(# of projects, Mar-May)2026 FDI
(# of projects, Mar-May)YoY change
(%)
North America1,4561,5174.2
Latin America and the Caribbean378345-8.7
Asia-Pacific998883-11.5
Africa208183-12.0
Western Europe1,235940-23.9
Emerging Europe315206-34.6
Middle East580191-67.1
Global Total5,1704,265-17.5
Despite this growth, North America has still experienced some cooling in investor interest. Its 2026 project total remains 1.5% below the post-COVID average from 2021 to 2025.
Even so, North America has performed better than every other region. The shortfall from its recent average shows that the continent, amid trade tensions and political challenges, is not immune to broader investor caution.
The Gulf’s War Problem
At the opposite end of the ranking, the Middle East recorded a 67.1% decline in new project announcements, the steepest drop of any region. Just 191 projects were announced in early 2026, compared with 580 in the same period of 2025.
For decades, Gulf states such as Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates have cultivated global reputations for stability and investor safety. However, the multi-month Iran War has disrupted that perception and prompted investors to reassess risks across the broader Middle East.
An eventual ceasefire and the resumption of steady trade through the Strait of Hormuz could help restore investor confidence, particularly in the Gulf states.
Tough Times for Global Investment
Every other region fell between North America and the Middle East in terms of 2026 performance. Emerging Europe recorded a 34.6% decline in greenfield project announcements as the Russia-Ukraine war entered its fourth year.
Even relatively peaceful regions saw investment activity decline. Western Europe posted a 23.9% year-over-year drop, while Africa and Asia-Pacific each recorded declines of roughly 12%.
Latin America and the Caribbean performed best outside North America, with project announcements falling a comparatively modest 8.7%. Its distance from major geopolitical fault lines in Eastern Europe and the Middle East may have helped limit the decline.
Overall, every major region except North America recorded fewer greenfield investment announcements than a year earlier. The pattern highlights how geopolitical uncertainty and weaker business confidence weighed on cross-border investment in early 2026.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
Wondering where businesses are allocating this capital? Check out The Top 10 Sectors for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Ranked: Countries With the Biggest Declines in Academic Freedom
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Ranked: Countries With the Biggest Declines in Academic Freedom
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Nicaragua, Myanmar, and Afghanistan recorded the world’s steepest declines in academic freedom between 2015 and 2025.
Academic freedom declined in 67% of countries over the past decade, according to the V-Dem Academic Freedom Index.
The U.S. dropped from 27th to 116th globally, making it one of the most notable declines among advanced economies.
Academic freedom reflects the ability of universities and scholars to research, teach, publish, and exchange ideas without political interference.
Using data from the V-Dem Institute via Our World in Data, this graphic ranks countries by the percentage change in their Academic Freedom Index scores between 2015 and 2025.
Where Academic Freedom Has Fallen Fastest
The ranking below shows the 30 countries that experienced the largest percentage declines between 2015 and 2025.
CountryChange (2015-2025)2015 Index2025 Index
Nicaragua-95%0.420.02
Myanmar-94%0.350.02
Afghanistan-83%0.510.09
El Salvador-80%0.810.17
Chad-76%0.560.13
Palestine/Gaza-72%0.380.10
Türkiye-68%0.280.09
Mali-67%0.850.28
Belarus-67%0.180.06
India-66%0.410.14
Uganda-58%0.470.20
U.S.-57%0.920.40
Hong Kong-57%0.550.24
Venezuela-57%0.300.13
Indonesia-56%0.740.33
Comoros-53%0.640.30
Russia-53%0.380.18
Jordan-53%0.370.17
Pakistan-52%0.560.27
Iran-52%0.120.06
Gabon-49%0.840.43
Ukraine-49%0.550.28
Zanzibar-49%0.460.23
Central African Republic-47%0.620.33
Hungary-43%0.520.30
Qatar-43%0.170.10
Cambodia-42%0.370.22
Cameroon-41%0.350.21
China-40%0.120.07
Kyrgyzstan-39%0.620.38
Nicaragua recorded the largest decline, with its index score falling 95% between 2015 and 2025. The government of Daniel Ortega has targeted universities connected to anti-government protests, revoking their legal status and, in some cases, closing them entirely.
Myanmar and Afghanistan followed with declines of 94% and 83%, respectively. Both countries experienced high levels of corruption and major political upheaval during the period, including Myanmar’s 2021 military coup and the Taliban’s return to power in Afghanistan.
Most countries experiencing the steepest declines are emerging or developing economies. However, the inclusion of the U.S. and Hong Kong shows that growing political pressure on universities is not confined to one region or income group.
Why the U.S. Stands Out
The U.S. decline is especially notable given the country’s global influence in research and higher education.
American universities dominate many international rankings, attract scholars from around the world, and account for a significant share of scientific research and innovation. Federal funding restrictions, scrutiny of universities, and policies affecting international students and researchers have added to the uncertainty.
Moreover, nearly half of U.S. states have enacted laws or policies that censor higher education since 2021. These measures have targeted classroom instruction, tenure, faculty governance, and institutional control over curricula.
Why It Matters Beyond Campus
Academic freedom affects more than speech on university campuses. Universities produce research, train skilled workers, attract global talent, and support innovation.
Political pressure can shape which questions researchers pursue, whether controversial findings are published, and how freely scholars collaborate internationally.
For research-intensive economies, these constraints can have consequences for innovation, talent attraction, and long-term economic competitiveness.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic showing how quality of life has changed across 30 economies over the past decade.
Visualizing 75 Years of U.S. Energy Production
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Visualizing 75 Years of U.S. Energy Production
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Key Takeaways
Coal and natural gas have swapped places since 1950. Coal fell from 41% of U.S. energy production to 10%, while natural gas rose from 20% to 47%.
Crude oil ranked second in both 1950 and 2025, despite falling from nearly 40% of production in the early 1970s to just 15% in 2008.
Total U.S. primary energy production more than tripled over the period, rising from 34.5 to 107.1 quadrillion BTU.
Over the last 75 years, the sources powering U.S. energy production have changed significantly, shaped by new technologies, shifting economics, and major global events.
This visualization tracks the production share and total output of major U.S. energy sources from 1950 to 2025.
Energy production is measured in quadrillion British thermal units (quads). The figures come from the U.S. Energy Information Administration.
75 Years of U.S. Energy Production (1950–2025)
U.S. primary energy production climbed from 34.5 quadrillion BTU in 1950 to 107.1 quadrillion BTU in 2025.
Natural gas accounted for much of that growth, rising from 7.0 to 50.5 quads, an increase of more than sevenfold. Most of the gain came after 2008, when shale drilling ended a four-decade stretch of largely stagnant output.
The data table below shows U.S. energy production by source from 1950 to 2025, measured in quads:
Energy Source1950 (Quads)2025 (Quads)% Change (1950–2025)
Coal14.111.0-22.0%
Natural Gas7.050.5621.4%
Crude Oil11.428.2147.4%
Nuclear0.08.2n/a
Hydroelectric and Geothermal0.31.0233.3%
Solar and Wind0.03.0n/a
Wood and Waste1.62.450.0%
Biofuels and Waste0.02.8n/a
Total U.S. Primary Energy Production34.5107.1210.4%
Coal moved in the opposite direction. Production rose from 14.1 quads in 1950 to a peak of 24.0 quads in 1998, before falling sharply after 2009 as utilities increasingly switched to lower-cost natural gas. By 2025, coal production had declined to 11.0 quads.
Crude oil followed a longer and more volatile path. Production nearly doubled from 11.4 quads in 1950 to 20.4 quads in 1970, then declined for more than three decades to a low of 10.6 quads in 2008.
The same shale techniques that revived natural gas production also pushed crude oil output to a record 28.2 quads in 2025, helping make the U.S. the world’s largest oil producer.
Coal and Natural Gas Have Swapped Places
In 1950, coal was the largest source of U.S. primary energy production, followed by crude oil and natural gas. By 2025, natural gas had moved into first place, crude oil remained second, and coal had fallen to third.
The data table below shows each major energy source’s share of U.S. production in 1950 and 2025:
Energy Source1950
(Share of Energy Mix)2025
(Share of Energy Mix)Percentage Point
Change (1950–2025)
Coal40.9%10.3%-30.6
Natural Gas20.3%47.2%+26.9
Crude Oil33.0%26.3%-6.7
Nuclear0.0%7.7%+7.7
Hydroelectric and Geothermal0.9%0.9%+0.1
Solar and Wind0.0%2.8%+2.8
Wood and Waste4.6%2.2%-2.4
Biofuels and Waste0.0%2.6%+2.6
Crude oil is the one major fuel that ended close to where it began. It supplied 33% of U.S. production in 1950 and 26% in 2025, ranking second in both years. In between, its share rose to nearly 40% in the early 1970s before falling to just 15% by 2008 amid a multidecade production decline.
The shale-driven rebound in oil and natural gas has helped keep the U.S. among a small group of major economies that produce more energy than they consume, alongside countries such as Russia, Saudi Arabia, and Canada.
Renewable sources have also expanded from a relatively small base. Solar, wind, hydroelectric, and biofuels collectively increased their share of U.S. production from 3.4% in 2006 to 6.7% in 2025. Even so, the country’s production mix remains dominated by the same three fossil fuels as in 1950, only in a different order.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Mapped: The World’s Biggest Energy Sources by Country on Voronoi.
Silver vs. Gold: Annual Returns During Downturns
Published 3 hours ago on July 14, 2026
By Cody Good
Graphics & Design
Abha Patil
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The following content is sponsored by Global X Canada
Silver vs. Gold: Annual Returns During Downturns
Key Takeaways
Silver had an annual return of 148% versus gold’s 65% in 2025, showing how much more volatile silver can be during periods of market stress.
During the 2008 downturn, gold rose 3.4% while silver fell 26.9%, but silver rebounded by 57.5% in 2009 and 80.3% in 2010 as conditions improved.
Silver has historically experienced greater volatility than gold during recessions and market downturns. In 2008, for example, gold rose 3.4% while silver fell 26.9%, before silver rebounded 57.5% in 2009 and 80.3% in 2010.
Gold and silver are both precious metals, but the data shows they can behave very differently under stress. Gold tends to act as the steadier metal, while silver reacts more sharply as investor sentiment and industrial demand shift.
This graphic, in partnership with Global X Canada, is the second of three graphics in the Investing in Silver series. It compares annual gold and silver returns during recession and downturn periods using data from the World Bank and Macrotrends.
Mexico Leads with the Most Silver Production
Silver has historically shown larger moves than gold in both directions. In 2025, silver surged nearly 150%, more than doubling gold’s 65% gain.
YearGold Returns (%)Silver Returns (%)
2000-6.26-14.07
20011.41-1.31
200223.963.32
200321.7427.84
20044.9714.24
200517.1229.47
200623.9246.09
200731.5914.42
20083.41-26.9
200927.6357.46
201027.7480.28
201111.65-8
20125.686.28
2013-27.79-34.89
2014-0.19-18.1
2015-11.59-13.59
20168.6315.86
201712.577.12
2018-1.15-9.4
201918.8315.36
202024.4347.44
2021-3.51-11.55
2022-0.232.64
202313.08-0.72
202427.2321.36
202564.69148.14
20264.1323.32
Source: Macrotrends
Silver’s spikes have also followed by sharp reversals. In 2008, silver fell 26.9% while gold rose 3.4%, showing gold’s relative resilience during the global financial crisis.
And yet, silver rebounded strongly in the recovery years that followed, rising 57.5% in 2009 and 80.3% in 2010.
A Higher-Beta Precious Metal
Silver’s sharper moves reflect its dual role as both a precious metal and an industrial input. When markets weaken, silver can be pressured by slowing industrial demand. But when conditions improve, it can rebound quickly as both investor demand and industrial activity recover.
This matters because silver’s volatility can create larger drawdowns, but also larger price movements. For investors, that makes silver a more tactical precious metals exposure than gold.
Investing in Silver
As demand grows from solar, electrification, and industrial applications, silver remains a key metal to watch for investors tracking long-term supply and demand trends.
Global X Canada’s ETFs can help investors access commodities without choosing individual miners.
To learn more, explore the Global X Silver Miners Index ETF (SLVX).
See how SILVX offers potential upside through rising prices and operational growth within the silver sector.
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Mapped: Health Care Spending Per Person by State
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Mapped: Health Care Spending Per Person by State
Key Takeaways:
Americans spent an average of $9,717 per person on health care in 2024, ranging from $7,233 in Utah to $14,044 in Alaska.
Alaska, Washington, D.C., South Dakota, New York, and West Virginia recorded the highest per-capita spending.
Much of the variation reflects differences in health care prices, provider availability, demographics, and geography, not simply how often people receive care.
Health care represents a major share of consumer spending in America, but the amount spent per resident varies considerably by location.
New data from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis highlights the differences in per-capita health care spending across the country in 2024.
The map below ranks every state using the latest Personal Consumption Expenditures by State data from the BEA. Figures are reported in current dollars and allocated according to residents’ state of residence.
Which States Spend the Most on Health Care?
Below is a ranking of states based on per-person health care spending:
RankStatePer-Capita Health Care Spending
1Alaska$14,044
2District of Columbia$13,865
3South Dakota$12,451
4New York$12,221
5West Virginia$12,055
6Delaware$11,987
7Massachusetts$11,985
8North Dakota$11,667
9Vermont$11,493
10Indiana$11,071
11California$11,054
12Maine$10,913
13New Hampshire$10,682
14Connecticut$10,639
15Minnesota$10,567
16New Jersey$10,468
17Pennsylvania$10,262
18Ohio$10,202
19Nebraska$10,192
20Louisiana$10,148
21Wisconsin$10,079
22Missouri$10,036
23Kentucky$9,964
24Oregon$9,931
25Illinois$9,895
26Rhode Island$9,864
27Hawaii$9,808
28Montana$9,747
29Washington$9,693
30Wyoming$9,640
31Florida$9,545
32Maryland$9,456
33Virginia$9,123
34Kansas$9,066
35Oklahoma$9,052
36Michigan$9,023
37Colorado$8,871
38Tennessee$8,761
39North Carolina$8,744
40Georgia$8,680
41Iowa$8,660
42Arkansas$8,562
43Arizona$8,556
44New Mexico$8,469
45Mississippi$8,135
46Idaho$8,078
47Alabama$7,980
48Texas$7,807
49South Carolina$7,741
50Nevada$7,536
51Utah$7,233
Alaska spent nearly twice as much per resident on health care as Utah in 2024.
Several Northeastern states, along with South Dakota and Washington, D.C., also ranked near the top. Meanwhile, much of the Mountain West and South recorded below-average spending.
Why Do Some States Spend More Than Others?
Higher spending does not necessarily mean residents receive more medical care.
Numerous studies have found that differences in prices, especially for hospital and physician services, explain much more of the variation in U.S. health spending than differences in how often people use care. Administrative costs, provider wages, and regional labor markets also play major roles.
State-specific factors matter as well. Alaska’s remote geography and limited provider network make delivering care significantly more expensive, while states with older populations often spend more because seniors tend to use more medical services.
Broader insurance coverage can also increase the share of care captured in personal consumption expenditures.
Health Care Spending Continues to Climb
Nationally, health care expenditures continue to rise.
CMS projects U.S. health spending will approach $9 trillion annually by 2034, driven by increased enrollment in Medicare and Medicaid, along with continued growth in health care prices. Despite already spending more per person than any comparable high-income country, the U.S. is expected to devote an even larger share of its economy to health care over the next decade.
International comparisons show the U.S. spends substantially more on health care than other high-income countries, largely because medical services cost more rather than because Americans use dramatically more care.
As national spending continues to rise, the nearly twofold gap between states highlights how geography remains a major factor in what Americans ultimately spend on health care.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed this visualization, check out Americans Pay More for Healthcare, Yet Have Shorter Life Expectancy on the Voronoi app, where you can discover thousands of data-driven charts from trusted sources covering health, economics, markets, and more.
Ranked: Homeownership Rates Around the World
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Ranked: Homeownership Rates Around the World
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Eight of the top 10 countries in the ranking are current or former communist states, led by Slovakia (93.5%) and Romania (92.8%).
China ranks fourth after 1990s housing reforms transferred millions of state-owned homes into private ownership.
Germany (41.0%) and Switzerland (38.2%) have some of the lowest homeownership rates shown despite being among Europe’s wealthiest economies.
Owning a home is often viewed as a hallmark of financial success, but the countries with the highest homeownership rates may not be the ones many people expect.
This graphic ranks countries by the share of households that own the home they live in, using data from the OECD Affordable Housing Database. China’s figure comes from Clark, Huang, and Yi (2019).
The results show how decades-old housing policies continue to shape ownership patterns around the world.
Eastern Europe Dominates the Rankings
Slovakia leads the ranking with a homeownership rate of 93.5%, followed closely by Romania and Croatia.
Current and former communist states dominate the top of the list, with Lithuania, Bulgaria, Poland, and Latvia also placing in the top 10.
RankCountryHomeownership rate
1 Slovak Republic93.5%
2 Romania92.8%
3 Croatia90.4%
4 China90.0%
5 Lithuania86.9%
6 Bulgaria85.2%
7 Poland84.8%
8 Japan84.0%
9 Latvia80.6%
10 Iceland78.4%
11 Italy75.2%
12 Estonia75.0%
13 Slovenia73.9%
14 Spain73.6%
15 Costa Rica73.2%
16 European Union72.5%
17 Norway72.3%
18 Portugal72.1%
19 Czechia71.9%
20 OECD average70.1%
21 Mexico69.6%
22 Canada68.6%
23 United Kingdom68.4%
24 Ireland68.2%
25 Greece68.1%
26 Malta66.0%
27 Belgium65.9%
28 United States65.3%
29 New Zealand63.9%
30 Cyprus63.5%
31 Australia62.7%
32 Luxembourg62.3%
33 Finland61.0%
34 France58.5%
35 Sweden58.2%
36 South Korea58.0%
37 Netherlands57.9%
38 Chile57.1%
39 Türkiye55.7%
40 Denmark52.2%
41 Austria47.9%
42 Germany41.0%
43 Switzerland38.2%
44 Colombia36.0%
This pattern reflects the legacy of socialist housing systems, under which state-owned homes were often privatized and sold to occupants at heavily discounted prices following the fall of communism.
China’s Housing Reforms Created a Nation of Homeowners
China ranks fourth with a homeownership rate of 90.0%.
Much of this can be traced to sweeping housing reforms introduced during the 1990s, when many publicly owned apartments were sold to residents at subsidized prices.
The reforms rapidly expanded private homeownership and helped make residential property a major store of household wealth for many Chinese families. Today, China’s housing market remains central to both consumer wealth and the country’s broader economy.
Many Wealthy Countries Have Lower Ownership Rates
Several of the world’s richest economies rank surprisingly low on the list.
Germany has a homeownership rate of 41.0%, while Switzerland sits at 38.2%, the lowest among the countries shown.
Strong rental markets, tenant protections, and relatively affordable long-term renting can reduce the pressure to buy in these countries.
Canada (68.6%), the United States (65.3%), Australia (62.7%), and France (58.5%) all sit near or below the OECD average of 70.1%. Together, the rankings suggest that housing policy, financing systems, and rental markets can influence homeownership as much as national income.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Ranked: The Countries Where $1,000 Takes the Longest to Earn on Voronoi.
Germany Quit Nuclear. So Why Is It Importing More?
Germany Quit Nuclear. So Why Is It Importing More?
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways:
Germany generated 91,790 GWh of nuclear electricity in 2015, but none in 2024 after completing its reactor phaseout.
Estimated nuclear-generated electricity imports more than tripled over the same period, reaching 18,313 GWh in 2024.
Ending domestic nuclear generation does not necessarily eliminate nuclear electricity from an interconnected power system.
Germany’s decision to phase out nuclear power has become one of the world’s most closely watched energy policy experiments. While the country’s last reactors shut down in 2023, Germany remains deeply connected to Europe’s integrated electricity market, where power moves across national borders.
The visualization above, created by DataPulse Research using data from SMARD, estimates how much of Germany’s imported electricity originated from nuclear generation between 2015 and 2024.
Germany’s Nuclear Generation Falls to Zero
Germany’s nuclear generation and estimated nuclear electricity imports are shown below.
YearNuclear Power
Generated Domestically (GWh)Nuclear Power
Imported (GWh)
201591,7905,830
201684,6304,363
201776,3203,979
201876,0006,407
201975,0709,211
202064,3808,757
202169,1307,235
202234,7104,542
20237,22011,778
2024018,313
As domestic generation steadily declined, estimated nuclear electricity imports followed a different trajectory, reaching their highest level in 2024.
Germany’s nuclear phaseout was shaped by decades of political debate and accelerated after the Fukushima disaster in 2011.
As reactors closed, the country expanded renewable energy while continuing to trade electricity across Europe’s interconnected grid. Domestic nuclear generation fell by more than 90,000 GWh between 2015 and 2024.
Why Nuclear Power Still Crosses Borders
Once electricity enters Europe’s interconnected grid, it flows according to supply, demand, and market prices rather than national energy policies. As a result, electricity imported into Germany can include nuclear-generated power from neighboring countries even though Germany no longer operates nuclear reactors.
The nuclear share of Germany’s imports may rise when nuclear generation is abundant and competitively priced in connected markets. According to DataPulse Research’s estimates, these imports increased sharply after Germany’s final reactors closed, highlighting the difference between where electricity is produced and where it is consumed.
Why Some Countries Are Ramping Up Nuclear Investment
Germany’s experience stands in contrast to countries that continue expanding nuclear capacity. Nuclear power can provide reliable, low-carbon electricity with high capacity factors while reducing dependence on imported fossil fuels. Countries with rapidly growing electricity demand or limited domestic energy resources may therefore include it in a diversified energy strategy.
Nuclear power remains one of the energy sector’s most debated technologies. Supporters emphasize its ability to generate large amounts of low-carbon electricity around the clock, while critics point to construction costs, radioactive waste, project delays, and safety concerns. The broader nuclear debate continues to shape energy policy around the world.
The U.S., France, China, Russia, and South Korea maintain extensive reactor fleets because of decades of investment, energy security priorities, and long-term industrial policy. Several are also planning additional reactors. Meanwhile, Germany belongs to a relatively small group of countries that have fully phased out nuclear generation.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
Want to explore more data-driven stories on global security and energy? Check out Mapped: Countries With the Most Nuclear Missiles on the Voronoi app.
Ranked: Where Wealth Is Most Concentrated
Ranked: Where Wealth Is Most Concentrated
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
The UAE and Russia rank highest for wealth concentration, each scoring 82 on UBS’s 2025 wealth Gini Index.
The U.S. ranks sixth, with a wealth concentration score of 77, placing it ahead of India, Mexico, and China.
Among the countries shown, six of the 10 lowest wealth concentration scores are in Europe.
Two countries can have similar levels of wealth but vastly different levels of who owns it.
Using data from the UBS Global Wealth Report 2026, this graphic shows countries by their wealth Gini Index, a measure of how concentrated household wealth is within each economy. A score of 100 indicates one person owns all the wealth, while 0 represents perfect equality.
Behind every economy is a different story of who owns the nation’s wealth, and who benefits most from its growth.
Countries With the Most Concentrated Wealth
The table below ranks selected countries by UBS’s 2025 Wealth Gini Index, which measures how unevenly household wealth is distributed. The rankings include 32 of the 56 markets analyzed in the report, spanning major advanced and emerging economies.
RankCountryGini Index 2025 (0-100)Region
1 UAE82Middle East
2 Russia82Europe
3 South Africa81Africa
4 Brazil81Americas
5 Saudi Arabia78Middle East
6 U.S.77Americas
7 Sweden74Europe
8 India74Asia
9 Türkiye73Middle East
10 Mexico72Americas
11 Chile71Americas
12 Singapore69Asia
13 Switzerland68Europe
14 Germany67Europe
15 Israel66Middle East
16 Hong Kong SAR64Asia
17 Portugal61Europe
18 China (Mainland)60Asia
19 Greece60Europe
20 UK59Europe
21 Taiwan59Asia
22 France57Europe
23 South Korea57Asia
24 Poland57Europe
25 Spain57Europe
26 Hungary56Europe
27 Italy54Europe
28 Japan53Asia
29 Australia53Oceania
30 Qatar47Middle East
31 Belgium46Europe
32 Slovakia38Europe
America’s Wealth Gap Stands Out
The U.S. ranks sixth overall with a wealth Gini score of 77, behind only the UAE, Russia, South Africa, Brazil, and Saudi Arabia.
That ranking comes despite America having the world’s largest millionaire population with 23.6 million people, or roughly 41% of all millionaires globally. At the same time, the country ranks second worldwide in average wealth per adult but only 28th in median wealth, highlighting the large gap between the wealth of the average household and that of the typical American.
Together, these figures illustrate how substantial gains in household wealth have been concentrated among the wealthiest Americans, pushing the U.S. near the top of the global wealth concentration rankings.
Europe Dominates the Lowest Wealth Concentration Rankings
At the opposite end of the spectrum, Europe accounts for six of the 10 lowest wealth concentration scores in the dataset.
Slovakia ranks lowest overall with a score of 38, followed by Belgium (46), Italy (54), Hungary (56), and France, Poland, and Spain (57). The UK also sits well below the U.S. at 59.
Many of these countries combine widespread homeownership, stronger social safety nets, and higher levels of median wealth than countries near the top of the rankings.
Wealth Concentration Is Different From Income Inequality
A country’s wealth concentration is not the same as its income inequality.
Income measures what people earn each year, while wealth includes assets accumulated over decades, such as homes, businesses, pensions, investments, and inheritances. Because wealth compounds over time, it is typically distributed much more unevenly than income.
As housing wealth, stock markets, and private business ownership continue to drive household fortunes, who owns a country’s wealth may become just as important as how much wealth the economy creates.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on the countries with the most millionaires per capita.
Where U.S. Home Prices Have Outpaced Income the Most
Published 8 hours ago on July 13, 2026
By Jenna Ross
Graphics & Design
Athul Alexander
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The following content is sponsored by Terzo
Where U.S. Home Prices Have Outpaced Income the Most
Home prices have climbed faster than incomes across much of America, but nowhere has the gap widened more than in Bend, Oregon. Since 1990, the metro area’s house price-to-income ratio has surged 236%, the biggest increase in the country.
This graphic, created in partnership with Terzo, highlights how homeownership has become increasingly out of reach. It’s part of our Markets in a Minute series, which delivers quick economic insights.
Ranking Metro Areas With the Biggest Surges
Back in 1990, Bend home prices were about 2.7 times higher than incomes. By 2026, the ratio has climbed 236% higher with homes costing 8.9 times more than the median household income.
The area’s housing affordability has been squeezed by population growth that has outpaced homebuilding. Bend has attracted thousands of new residents—many relocating from elsewhere in Oregon and California—while housing supply has struggled to keep up. The Oregon government estimated Bend needs over 33,000 new housing units by 2045, but current production trends put Bend on a trajectory to meet only two-thirds of this requirement.
An influx of higher-income households has also pushed up home prices faster than local incomes.
Metro Area Increase in House-Price-to-Income Ratio
1990–2026
Bend, OR+236%
Coeur d'Alene, ID+187%
Missoula, MT+168%
Bozeman, MT+167%
Corvallis, OR+157%
Salt Lake City, UT+155%
Bellingham, WA+154%
Pocatello, ID+152%
Walla Walla, WA+150%
Kennewick, WA +149%
U.S. Overall+52%
Source: Joint Center for Housing Studies of Harvard University. Metropolitan area labels have been simplified to the first-listed primary city and first-listed state. Data shown is the change in the following ratio: the Median Home Price for Existing Home Sales to the Median Household Income.
Coeur D’Alene had the second-highest jump in its house-price-to-income ratio. The area has seen high population growth, with wealthier out-of-state buyers drawn to the outdoor recreation opportunities and relative affordability compared to other resort towns.
Seniors are also drawn to the lack of state taxes on Social Security. In Northern Idaho, Baby Boomers make up nearly 30% of the population and have created a block in housing inventory by choosing to age in place. As a result, there’s fewer homes on the market, which drives up home prices.
Notably, the top 10 states seeing home prices rise much faster than income are all in the Western region. In fact, in most Western states, housing costs make up 30% or more of income.
Home Prices Rising Faster Than Income: What it Means for Markets
A rapidly rising house-price-to-income ratio is often a sign of a desirable, fast-growing market. Job creation, population growth, and limited housing supply can all push home prices higher as more people compete to live there. For businesses, these markets can offer access to larger customer bases and skilled talent, but they also become increasingly expensive places to recruit and retain employees.
As housing affordability deteriorates, companies may need to offer higher wages, housing benefits, or greater remote-work flexibility to attract workers. Growth can also spill into more affordable neighboring cities as both households and businesses seek lower costs.
One powerful way for businesses to lower costs is by optimizing contract spending. But there’s a major problem: contract data is often trapped in static PDFs or spread across multiple applications.
Unlock AI-driven insights on your company’s spending with Terzo’s NirvanAI and you could get 10% or more annual cost savings.
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