See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Mapped: Birth Rates Are Falling Even Among Women in Their 30s See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Birth rates among women ages 30–34 fell in 39 states between 2015 and 2024, with the U.S. average down 8%. Seven of the 10 largest declines were in Western states. The slowdown comes even as births increasingly shift toward women in their late 30s and 40s. America’s birth slowdown is no longer limited to younger adults. Even women ages 30–34, traditionally one of the country’s peak childbearing groups, are having fewer children across most of the U.S. This map uses new research based on data from the National Center for Health Statistics to show how birth rates among women ages 30–34 changed across America between 2015 and 2024. The States Leading the Decline in Birth Rates Nearly half of 30-year-old American women are now childless, up from just 18% in 1976. That doesn’t necessarily mean they will never have children, but it highlights how dramatically family formation has shifted toward later ages over the past several decades. Today’s 30-year-olds are reaching many traditional milestones later than previous generations. The median first-time homebuyer is now 35 years old, while the age of first marriage has climbed steadily for decades. As those timelines shift, parenthood often shifts with them. StateBirths per 1,000 Women2015Births per 1,000 Women 2024% Change District of Columbia76.060.1-21% Oregon94.278.4-17% Washington124.3104.8-16% Utah105.588.4-16% California105.589.4-15% Nevada93.179.6-15% Alaska108.493.0-14% Delaware108.794.4-13% Montana103.490.4-13% Vermont103.191.2-12% Rhode Island105.693.3-12% Illinois102.790.7-12% Hawaii94.182.8-12% Colorado100.189.7-10% Arizona98.489.2-9% Maine107.098.4-8% Idaho92.885.4-8% Pennsylvania97.290.3-7% Ohio101.294.1-7% Florida101.193.6-7% New York101.894.3-7% Virginia105.298.3-7% Michigan105.998.2-7% Wyoming94.487.6-7% Massachusetts109.5102.4-6% Texas102.096.0-6% Minnesota93.789.0-5% Maryland106.5100.7-5% North Dakota121.3114.8-5% Georgia82.578.7-5% New Mexico117.1111.1-5% Oklahoma90.085.3-5% New Hampshire89.185.7-4% Missouri96.893.4-4% Louisiana103.799.5-4% New Jersey84.782.0-3% Arkansas105.2102.5-3% Kansas115.3112.4-3% South Carolina96.894.8-2% North Carolina93.090.7-2% Indiana96.996.90% Wisconsin122.4122.50% South Dakota107.1106.70% Alabama85.686.11% Tennessee106.9108.51% Connecticut108.2109.51% Kentucky87.888.71% Iowa88.789.41% West Virginia76.377.01% Mississippi78.080.03% Nebraska116.0118.93% U.S. Average101.493.7-8% Washington, D.C. recorded the steepest decline in birth rates among women ages 30–34, down 21% over the period. Oregon, Washington, and Utah followed close behind, while seven of the 10 largest declines occurred in Western states. By contrast, Indiana, South Dakota, and Wisconsin saw virtually no change. The States Bucking the National Trend Only eight states recorded higher birth rates among women ages 30–34 in 2024 than in 2015. Nebraska and Mississippi recorded the largest increases, with birth rates rising 3% over the period. The states posting gains were concentrated almost entirely in the South and Midwest, with Connecticut standing as the exception. Many of the states posting gains also tend to have lower housing costs than large coastal markets. While many factors influence fertility, including education, migration, and local demographics, affordability pressures are often cited as one reason families delay having children. The pattern suggests that the economics of starting a family may be diverging across America, with some regions proving more supportive of family formation than others. Births Are Rising for Women in Their 40s The declines among women in their early 30s don’t mean births are disappearing altogether. Instead, they’re increasingly shifting to older ages. Birth rates rose 5% among women ages 35–39 and 24% among women ages 40–49 over the same period. The contrast suggests the long-running trend toward later parenthood is continuing, although delayed childbearing no longer fully offsets the broader slowdown in births. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on the global fertility divide.

Use This Visualization Ranked: America’s Best-Selling Albums Ever See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways The Eagles, not Michael Jackson, have America’s top-selling album, including the only one certified at 40 million units. Thriller remains the country’s best-selling non-compilation album with 34 million certified units sold. Only one album released since 2000, Adele’s 21, has sold at least 15 million certified units in the U.S. Michael Jackson’s Thriller is often considered the world’s biggest album, but in the United States it doesn’t claim the top spot. That distinction belongs to the Eagles, whose Their Greatest Hits 1971–1975 remains the only album certified for 40 million units by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). This ranking shows America’s best-selling albums based on RIAA certified units as of June 2026. While today’s charts are dominated by pop and hip hop, the all-time list is still led by classic rock, with only seven of the top 25 albums coming from other genres. The Eagles Flying High The Eagles occupy two of the top three spots in the ranking, an achievement no other artist has matched. Their 1976 compilation album sits in the top spot, while Hotel California, released later the same year, ranks third with 28 million units. This data table ranks the top-selling albums in U.S. history as of 2026. RankArtistAlbum TitleCertified Units Sold (Millions)Year 1EaglesTheir Greatest Hits 1971 - 1975401976 2Michael JacksonThriller341982 3EaglesHotel California281976 4AC/DCBack in Black271980 5Garth BrooksDouble Live251998 6Led ZeppelinLed Zeppelin IV241971 6The BeatlesThe Beatles241968 8Billy JoelGreatest Hits Volume I & Volume II231985 8Pink FloydThe Wall231979 10Hootie & the BlowfishCracked Rear View221994 11Fleetwood MacRumours211977 12Green DayDookie201994 12MetallicaMetallica201991 12Shania TwainCome On Over201997 15Whitney HoustonThe Bodyguard (Soundtrack)191992 16Bob Marley & The WailersLegend181984 16Garth BrooksNo Fences181990 16Guns N' RosesAppetite for Destruction181987 16JourneyGreatest Hits181988 20Adele21172011 20Alanis MorissetteJagged Little Pill171995 20BostonBoston171976 20Bruce SpringsteenBorn in the U.S.A.171984 20Elton JohnGreatest Hits171974 20The BeatlesThe Beatles 1967 - 1970171973 Other rock bands also achieved their greatest commercial successes in the same era as the Eagles. AC/DC’s 1980 album Back in Black has sold 27 million units, while Fleetwood Mac’s Rumours (1977), released shortly after Hotel California, has been certified double diamond with 21 million records sold. Rock has also shown commercial staying power on the RIAA charts through compilation albums. Beyond the Eagles, “greatest hits” albums from Billy Joel (1985), Elton John (1974), Journey (1988), and The Beatles (1973) have all sold millions of records. The King of Pop Although the Eagles hold the overall No. 1 spot, Michael Jackson’s Thriller remains America’s best-selling studio album. Certified for 34 million units, the 1982 release is also widely recognized as the world’s best-selling album. The nine-track studio album, recorded by Jackson and famed producer Quincy Jones, remains the best-selling non-compilation album in U.S. history. Other non-rock success stories include Bob Marley’s Legend (1984), which has sold over 18 million records, as well as Whitney Houston’s 1992 soundtrack to the film The Bodyguard (19 million). Adele and the 21st Century The rankings also highlight how dramatically album sales have changed in the streaming era. While blockbuster albums routinely surpassed 20 million certified units during the CD era, only one album released since 2000 has crossed the 15 million mark in the United States. Adele’s appropriately titled 21 reached that milestone after spawning massive hits like “Rolling in the Deep,” “Someone Like You,” and “Rumour Has It.” No album since 21, including from Adele herself, has reached the same level of commercial success in the States. However, changes in how sales are counted across music streaming platforms like Spotify and Apple Music may partially explain the shift. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Physical Music Is Endangered on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

Use This Visualization The World’s Most and Least Peaceful Countries in 2026 See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Iceland remains the world’s most peaceful country, while Russia ranks last in the 2026 Global Peace Index. Western Europe dominates the top of the rankings, with seven of the world’s 10 most peaceful countries. Global peacefulness declined for a 12th straight year, while the U.S. fell to 134th amid worsening political instability. The world is becoming less peaceful. According to the 2026 Global Peace Index by the Institute for Economics and Peace, global peacefulness declined for the 12th consecutive year, as armed conflicts, geopolitical fragmentation, and rising military spending continue to reshape international stability. This ranking shows the world’s most and least peaceful countries across 163 economies, based on 23 indicators measuring societal safety, conflict, and militarization. The World’s Most Peaceful Countries Western Europe continues to dominate the top of the rankings, with Iceland retaining first place for the 19th consecutive year. It is joined by New Zealand, Switzerland, Slovenia, and Ireland as the world’s five most peaceful countries. The table below shows the world’s 30 most peaceful countries. RankCountry2026 Global Peace Index Score(Out of 5)Region 1 Iceland1.16Europe 2 New Zealand1.34Asia-Pacific 3 Switzerland1.36Europe 4 Slovenia1.37Europe 5 Ireland1.37Europe 6 Austria1.42Europe 7 Portugal1.43Europe 8 Singapore1.44Asia-Pacific 9 Finland1.48Europe 10 Japan1.49Asia-Pacific 11 Denmark1.50Europe 12 Malaysia1.51Asia-Pacific 13 Czechia1.52Europe 14 Canada1.53Americas 15 Hungary1.54Europe 16 Bhutan1.55Asia-Pacific 17 Netherlands1.57Europe 18 Mauritius1.59Africa 19 Latvia1.59Europe 20 Australia1.60Asia-Pacific 21 Belgium1.61Europe 22 Poland1.62Europe 23 Croatia1.62Europe 24 Lithuania1.62Europe 25 Estonia1.62Europe 26 Bulgaria1.63Europe 27 Spain1.65Europe 28 Germany1.66Europe 29 Slovakia1.66Europe 30 Montenegro1.67Europe The World’s Least Peaceful Countries At the opposite end of the index, Russia ranks as the least peaceful country, followed by Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ukraine, and Israel. RankCountry2026 Global Peace Index Score(Out of 5)Region 163 Russia3.37Europe 162 Sudan3.20Africa 161 DR Congo3.19Africa 160 Ukraine3.18Europe 159 Israel3.12Middle East 158 South Sudan3.12Africa 157 Afghanistan3.11Asia-Pacific 156 Yemen3.08Middle East 155 Syria3.07Middle East 154 Mali3.00Africa 153 Somalia2.97Africa 152 Pakistan2.92Asia-Pacific 151 Myanmar2.91Asia-Pacific 150 Central African Republic2.91Africa 149 Burkina Faso2.88Africa 148 Palestine2.88Middle East 147 North Korea2.85Asia-Pacific 146 Niger2.83Africa 145 Chad2.77Africa 144 Iran2.76Middle East 143 Haiti2.76Americas 142 Nigeria2.76Africa 141 Colombia2.74Americas 140 Iraq2.66Middle East 139 Mexico2.65Americas 138 Ethiopia2.65Africa 137 Cameroon2.63Africa 136 Türkiye2.61Middle East 135 Ecuador2.54Americas 134 U.S.2.54Americas The World Is Becoming Less Peaceful The rankings reflect a world where conflict is becoming both more widespread and more persistent. Since 2008, 119 countries have become less peaceful, and the trend is continuing. Over the past year alone, 99 countries saw their peace scores deteriorate, compared with just 62 that improved. A surge in armed conflict is a major reason why. The world is experiencing more active state-based conflicts than at any time since World War II, while the number of countries involved in conflicts beyond their borders is up nearly 75% since 2008. Meanwhile, governments are continuing to bolster their militaries. Global military spending has now risen for 10 consecutive years, reflecting a world increasingly shaped by geopolitical rivalry and security concerns. Why the U.S. Fell to 134th The United States ranked 134th out of 163 countries, falling six places from last year. The decline was driven primarily by worsening political instability and an increase in violent demonstrations, which contributed to lower scores for societal safety and security. Today, political violence in the U.S. is at its highest level since the 1970s. While the U.S. remains one of the world’s leading economic and military powers, the Global Peace Index measures a country’s level of peacefulness rather than its economic strength or geopolitical influence. The report also points to declining trust in institutions as a factor weighing on America’s long-term trajectory. Together, these trends pushed the U.S. into the bottom 30 countries globally for peacefulness in 2026. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic showing global military spending in 2025.

Why Are Europeans Leaving Their Own Countries? This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways: Lithuania and Bulgaria were the only countries in this dataset where more native-born citizens returned than left in 2024. Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, and most other countries recorded net losses of native-born residents, highlighting a broader shift in where Europeans choose to live and work. While immigration often dominates discussions about Europe’s changing population, another migration trend receives far less attention: many countries are also losing their own native-born citizens. This visualization, created by DataPulse using Eurostat data, ranks selected European countries by the net migration of native-born residents in 2024. Only Lithuania and Bulgaria recorded net gains, while Germany, Italy, Sweden, and several other major economies saw more locally born citizens leave than return. The pattern reflects a mix of economic opportunity, housing affordability, demographic change, and labor mobility within Europe, all of which are reshaping where people choose to build their careers and lives. The Countries Seeing the Biggest Losses The table below shows net migration of native-born citizens per 1,000 inhabitants across selected European countries. CountryNative-Born Net Migration (Per 1,000 inhabitants) Lithuania2.67 Bulgaria0.88 Czechia-0.13 Slovenia-0.29 Finland-0.40 Slovakia-0.53 Norway-0.57 Spain-0.65 Croatia-0.88 Austria-0.88 Netherlands-0.97 Germany-1.08 Italy-1.10 Romania-1.15 Estonia-1.20 Sweden-1.23 Belgium-1.27 Luxembourg-2.35 Lithuania stands out with a positive rate of 2.67 per 1,000 inhabitants, while Bulgaria also records a modest gain. At the opposite end, Luxembourg posted the largest net loss, followed by Belgium, Sweden, Estonia, and Romania. Notably, several of Europe’s largest economies, including Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands, also show negative balances, indicating that more native-born residents are leaving than returning. Why Are Native Europeans Leaving? For many workers, especially younger and highly educated professionals, migration is driven by the search for better wages, stronger career prospects, and improved quality of life. Countries in Eastern and Southern Europe have long experienced outward migration toward larger labor markets in Western Europe. At the same time, rising housing costs, labor shortages, and demographic pressures are encouraging some workers to look beyond their home countries. Similar dynamics can be seen globally, where migration increasingly plays a role in population growth and workforce sustainability. A Growing Demographic Challenge Population researchers increasingly warn that migration alone cannot fully offset Europe’s broader demographic headwinds. Fertility rates remain below replacement levels across much of the continent, while populations continue to age. When highly skilled workers leave and do not return, the effects can extend beyond population figures. Regions may face slower economic growth, labor shortages, and reduced innovation capacity. As Europe navigates demographic decline, retaining talent may become just as important as attracting newcomers. Learn More on the Voronoi App Migration patterns continue to reshape economies and societies around the world. Explore Visualizing the World’s Busiest Migration Corridors on the Voronoi app to see how people move between countries at a global scale.

Use This Visualization Ranked: The World’s 50 Most Valuable Companies See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways NVIDIA leads the world’s largest public companies with a market capitalization of $4.8 trillion, ahead of Apple and Alphabet. Technology accounts for 22 of the world’s 50 most valuable companies, fueled by continued investment in AI infrastructure and semiconductors. Taiwan’s TSMC is the world’s most valuable non-U.S. company at $2.3 trillion, while Saudi Aramco remains the largest energy company. Technology has become the world’s dominant equity market sector. Nowhere is that more apparent than among the world’s largest companies by market capitalization. This graphic visualizes the world’s 50 largest companies by market capitalization using June 2026 data from CompaniesMarketCap. NVIDIA is the world’s most valuable company, with a market capitalization of $4.8 trillion. It is followed by Apple ($4.3 trillion) and Google parent Alphabet ($4.2 trillion). Technology Dominates the Rankings These three companies are far from alone. Technology accounts for 22 of the world’s 50 most valuable companies, including SpaceX ($2.1 trillion), which went public in June 2026. The following table lists the world’s most valuable companies by market capitalization. RankNameJune 2026 Market Cap (in trillions)Sector 1 NVIDIA4.85Technology 2 Apple4.32Technology 3 Alphabet4.22Technology 4 Microsoft2.78Technology 5 Amazon2.52Consumer Discretionary 6 TSMC2.26Technology 7 SpaceX2.06Technology 8 Broadcom1.81Technology 9 Saudi Aramco1.70Energy 10 Samsung1.45Technology 11 Tesla1.43Consumer Discretionary 12 Meta1.43Technology 13 SK Hynix1.19Technology 14 Micron Technology1.19Technology 15 Berkshire Hathaway1.06Financials 16 Eli Lilly0.99Health Care 17 Walmart0.95Consumer Staples 18 JPMorgan Chase0.90Financials 19 AMD0.85Technology 20 ASML0.69Technology 21 Intel0.67Technology 22 Visa0.63Financials 23 Exxon Mobil0.58Energy 24 Johnson & Johnson0.58Health Care 25 Tencent0.49Technology 26 Cisco0.48Technology 27 Oracle0.48Technology 28 Applied Materials0.47Technology 29 Lam Research0.46Technology 30 Caterpillar0.45Industrials 31 Mastercard0.43Financials 32 Costco0.43Consumer Staples 33 AbbVie0.42Health Care 34 Bank of America0.41Financials 35 Arm Holdings0.39Technology 36 China Construction Bank0.38Financials 37 General Electric0.37Industrials 38 UnitedHealth0.37Health Care 39 Morgan Stanley0.36Financials 40 Procter & Gamble0.35Consumer Staples 41 Chevron0.35Energy 42 Coca-Cola0.35Consumer Staples 43 Roche0.33Health Care 44 HSBC0.33Financials 45 Agricultural Bank of China0.33Financials 46 Home Depot0.32Consumer Discretionary 47 Goldman Sachs0.32Financials 48 KLA0.32Technology 49 KIOXIA Holdings0.31Technology 50 ICBC0.31Financials Other technology giants have also surpassed the trillion-dollar mark, including Microsoft ($2.8 trillion), Broadcom ($1.8 trillion), and Meta ($1.4 trillion), the parent company of Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp. Non-U.S. companies are also well represented. TSMC, the world’s largest independent semiconductor foundry, is valued at $2.3 trillion, while South Korea’s Samsung has a market capitalization of $1.5 trillion. The ongoing AI data center boom has helped drive valuations across the semiconductor and technology industries, benefiting companies throughout the AI supply chain. The Oil Titans in 2026 Saudi Aramco is the world’s most valuable energy company, with a market capitalization of $1.7 trillion. Its 2019 initial public offering was the largest in history by gross proceeds raised at the time. It is followed by two American oil supermajors, ExxonMobil ($579 billion) and Chevron ($350 billion), both headquartered in the Houston area. Unlike Saudi Aramco, neither company is state-owned. Financial Dominance in the U.S. The U.S. is home to the world’s most valuable financial companies, led by Berkshire Hathaway ($1.1 trillion), JPMorgan Chase ($895 billion), and Visa ($625 billion). Three Chinese state-owned banks have market capitalizations exceeding $300 billion: Agricultural Bank of China, China Construction Bank, and ICBC. Europe’s lone representative among the world’s most valuable financial companies is Britain’s HSBC, with a market capitalization of more than $328 billion. As of 2026, HSBC is Europe’s second-largest bank by assets, behind France’s BNP Paribas. Learn More on the Voronoi App Curious who’s leading these massive firms? Check out The Highest Paid CEOs of S&P 500 Companies on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

Use This Visualization U.S. Cities by Family Income Needed to Live Comfortably See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways San Francisco tops the ranking, where a family of four needs nearly $408,000 a year to live comfortably. Seven California cities rank among the nation’s 20 most expensive for families, highlighting the state’s exceptionally high cost of living. On average, families need about $61,000 more in annual income in Western cities than in Southern cities. A six-figure household income no longer guarantees financial comfort in many parts of the United States. For families of four, the income needed to cover everyday expenses, enjoy discretionary spending, and save for the future now varies by more than $200,000 between major cities. This graphic ranks 56 major U.S. cities by the annual family income needed to live comfortably, based on SmartAsset estimates using the MIT Living Wage Calculator and the widely used 50/30/20 budgeting framework, which allocates income across needs, wants, and savings. California Dominates the Most Expensive Cities California accounts for seven of the top 20 cities on the list, reflecting the state’s high housing and living costs. San Francisco tops the ranking, requiring an annual household income of nearly $408,000, followed closely by nearby San Jose at roughly $403,000. RankCityFamily Income Needed to Live Comfortably (2026) 1San Francisco, CA$407,597 2San Jose, CA$402,771 3Oakland, CA$371,488 4Boston, MA$368,742 5Arlington, VA$368,326 6New York, NY$337,875 7Seattle, WA$334,131 8Irvine, CA$327,226 9Honolulu, HI$321,069 10Washington, DC$319,405 11Portland, OR$313,747 12San Diego, CA$312,915 13Denver, CO$303,514 14Jersey City, NJ$297,606 15Minneapolis, MN$288,787 16Anchorage, AK$285,210 17Los Angeles, CA$281,466 18Sacramento, CA$279,802 19Newark, NJ$278,221 20St. Paul, MN$278,221 21Riverside, CA$270,566 22Colorado Springs, CO$270,566 23Tacoma, WA$264,742 24Madison, WI$263,245 25Philadelphia, PA$252,845 26Reno, NV$251,264 27Boise, ID$251,181 28Raleigh, NC$249,434 29Buffalo, NY$247,853 30Indianapolis, IN$247,021 31Phoenix, AZ$245,523 32Chicago, IL$242,278 33Charlotte, NC$241,446 34Pittsburgh, PA$238,534 35Columbus, OH$238,534 36Durham, NC$237,619 37Virginia Beach, VA$237,702 38Atlanta, GA$232,378 39Omaha, NE$232,294 40Miami, FL$231,130 41Kansas City, MO$230,131 42Plano, TX$230,464 43Austin, TX$229,050 44Tampa, FL$226,720 45Baltimore, MD$224,224 46Richmond, VA$223,974 47Fort Worth, TX$217,235 48Tulsa, OK$215,238 49Dallas, TX$214,490 50Orlando, FL$214,157 51Nashville, TN$213,408 52Jacksonville, FL$211,578 53Houston, TX$204,672 54New Orleans, LA$197,766 55Memphis, TN$193,939 56San Antonio, TX$192,608 Oakland, Irvine, San Diego, Los Angeles, and Sacramento also rank among the nation’s most expensive places for families. Housing remains one of the biggest drivers of these high income requirements. Limited housing supply, strong demand, and elevated home prices continue to push both ownership and rental costs well above the national average in many California metro areas. High Costs Extend Beyond the Coasts While coastal metros dominate the top of the ranking, high income requirements are no longer limited to the coasts. Cities including Denver, Minneapolis, Madison, and Colorado Springs now require annual household incomes above $260,000, showing how rising housing and everyday living costs have spread well beyond traditional high-cost markets. Meanwhile, cities such as Boston, Arlington, Washington, D.C., and New York continue to rank among the country’s most expensive urban centers. These areas combine elevated housing costs with higher prices for transportation, childcare, and everyday services. Southern Cities Offer Lower Income Thresholds Southern cities generally have the lowest income thresholds in the dataset, but “lower” remains relative. Even San Antonio, which ranks as the most affordable city in this comparison, still requires roughly $193,000 in annual household income for a family of four to comfortably follow the 50/30/20 budgeting framework. Memphis, New Orleans, Houston, and Jacksonville round out the five lowest-cost cities. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic showing where wealth is moving in America.

Mapped: Countries With the Most Seniors This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways: Monaco has the world’s oldest population, with more than 36% of residents aged 65 or older. Japan ranks second and is the oldest major economy, with nearly 30% of its population over 65. Europe dominates the rankings, highlighting the growing demographic pressure on pensions, healthcare, and shrinking workforces. The world is getting older, and in some countries, seniors already make up more than one-quarter of the population. This visualization, created by Iswardi Ishak, ranks countries by the share of their population aged 65 and above, using World Bank data. Some Countries Are Aging Faster The table below shows the countries with the highest share of residents aged 65 and older. RankCountry% of seniors in population 1 Monaco36.17 2 Japan29.78 3 Puerto Rico (US)24.72 4 Italy24.62 5 Portugal24.53 6 Greece23.94 7 Finland23.90 8 Germany23.20 9 Croatia23.19 10 Isle of Man (UK)23.15 11 Virgin Islands (U.S.)22.69 12 Serbia22.69 13 Hong Kong SAR, China22.67 14 San Marino22.41 15 Bosnia and Herzegovina22.23 16 France22.15 17 Bulgaria22.03 18 European Union22.01 19 Slovenia21.77 20 Bermuda (UK)21.74 21 Latvia21.74 22 Estonia21.30 23 Spain21.15 24 Hungary20.99 25 Denmark20.87 26 Czechia20.85 27 Sweden20.75 28 Liechtenstein20.73 29 Austria20.61 30 Belgium20.56 31 Netherlands20.50 32 Malta20.21 33 Lithuania20.17 34 Poland20.14 35 Switzerland20.02 36 Romania19.98 37 Canada19.80 38 United Kingdom19.5 39 South Korea19.27 40 Ukraine18.96 41 Norway18.79 42 Slovak Republic18.54 43 St. Martin (French part)18.41 44 North Macedonia18.02 45 United States17.93 46 Montenegro17.83 47 Faroe Islands (UK)17.74 48 Australia17.73 49 Belarus17.67 50 Gibraltar17.62 51 New Zealand17.20 52 Russian Federation17.18 53 Aruba17.06 54 Albania16.92 55 Curacao16.78 56 Cuba16.57 57 Barbados16.55 58 Moldova16.21 59 Uruguay16.05 60 Andorra15.95 61 Ireland15.89 62 Iceland15.64 63 Georgia15.64 64 Luxembourg15.48 65 Thailand15.36 66 China14.67 67 Cyprus14.62 68 Macao SAR, China14.27 69 Chile14.14 70 Sint Maarten (Dutch part)13.94 71 Armenia13.70 72 Singapore13.66 73 Mauritius13.53 74 Dominica12.96 75 Guam12.60 76 Israel12.55 77 Argentina12.42 78 Korea, Dem. People's Rep.12.40 79 Trinidad and Tobago12.38 80 Grenada12.24 81 Costa Rica12.23 82 Sri Lanka12.10 83 St. Vincent and the Grenadines11.89 84 Antigua and Barbuda11.78 85 Bahamas, The11.78 86 New Caledonia11.43 87 Palau11.34 88 French Polynesia11.32 89 Turks and Caicos Islands11.25 90 St. Kitts and Nevis11.23 91 Brazil11.05 92 Greenland10.81 93 Turkiye10.28 94 Lebanon10.14 95 Kosovo10.07 96 Colombia9.78 97 Northern Mariana Islands9.75 98 Venezuela9.68 99 British Virgin Islands9.62 100 St. Lucia9.62 101 Tunisia9.53 102 Panama9.35 103 Peru9.23 104 Vietnam9.05 105 Cayman Islands (UK)9.00 106 Kazakhstan8.65 107 Azerbaijan8.56 108 Seychelles8.54 109 Ecuador8.34 110 Mexico8.25 111 Iran8.24 112 Jamaica8.21 113 El Salvador8.15 114 Morocco8.14 115 American Samoa8.04 116 Suriname7.90 117 Dominican Republic7.88 118 Malaysia7.74 119 Myanmar7.30 120 Indonesia7.29 121 India7.15 122 Brunei Darussalam6.87 123 Cabo Verde6.86 124 Guyana6.73 125 Tonga6.72 126 South Africa6.69 127 Tuvalu6.67 128 Algeria6.58 129 Paraguay6.54 130 Nepal6.50 131 Bangladesh6.50 132 Bhutan6.49 133 Fiji6.49 134 Cambodia6.16 135 Micronesia, Fed. Sts.5.95 136 Samoa5.88 137 Uzbekistan5.86 138 Kyrgyz Republic5.68 139 Bolivia5.64 140 Nicaragua5.53 141 Philippines5.49 142 Timor-Leste5.28 143 Mongolia5.14 144 Egypt5.12 145 Belize5.02 146 Libya5.02 147 Djibouti4.85 148 Guatemala4.85 149 Syria4.74 150 Haiti4.71 151 Laos4.67 152 Marshall Islands4.64 153 Maldives4.64 154 Turkmenistan4.53 155 Jordan4.52 156 Comoros4.47 157 Honduras4.42 158 Vanuatu4.30 159 Pakistan4.28 160 Eswatini4.26 161 Kiribati4.24 162 Eritrea4.2 163 Gabon4.08 164 Botswana4.04 165 Rwanda3.93 166 Sao Tome and Principe3.90 167 Lesotho3.86 168 Bahrain3.85 169 Tajikistan3.85 170 West Bank and Gaza3.84 171 Ghana3.71 172 Equatorial Guinea3.69 173 Namibia3.67 174 Solomon Islands3.64 175 Senegal3.62 176 Zimbabwe3.60 177 Papua New Guinea3.46 178 Guinea3.46 179 Iraq3.41 180 Madagascar3.41 181 Liberia3.30 182 Sudan3.30 183 Sierra Leone3.24 184 Ethiopia3.23 185 Mauritania3.23 186 Togo3.21 187 Guinea-Bissau3.19 188 Benin3.12 189 Kuwait3.10 190 Gambia, The3.08 191 Congo, Dem. Rep.3.08 192 Nigeria3.05 193 Tanzania3.05 194 South Sudan2.99 195 Congo, Rep.2.99 196 Kenya2.97 197 Saudi Arabia2.95 198 Angola2.85 199 Nauru2.85 200 Cameroon2.79 201 Mozambique2.75 202 Burkina Faso2.65 203 Oman2.64 204 Cote d'Ivoire2.61 205 Niger2.59 206 Somalia2.59 207 Malawi2.59 208 Burundi2.53 209 Yemen2.52 210 Afghanistan2.40 211 Mali2.38 212 Uganda2.19 213 Central African Republic2.15 214 Chad2.10 215 Zambia1.95 216 United Arab Emirates1.77 217 Qatar1.68 Monaco is a clear outlier, with more than one in three residents aged 65 or older. Japan follows at nearly 30%, while Southern and Eastern Europe account for much of the rest of the top 15. Together, these rankings show how population aging has become concentrated in advanced economies with decades of low fertility and long life expectancy. Europe Dominates the Aging Rankings Europe’s high senior shares reflect decades of below-replacement fertility and rising life expectancy. Countries such as Italy, Portugal, Greece, and Germany now have more than one in five residents aged 65 or older, making Europe the world’s oldest region by this measure. Outside Europe, smaller territories and economies including Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Hong Kong, and San Marino also rank near the top. The Workforce Impact As populations age, the balance between workers and retirees shifts. A smaller working-age population can slow economic growth while increasing demand for pensions, healthcare, and long-term care. These demographic changes are already reshaping labor markets in many countries, encouraging employers to retain older workers, automate routine tasks, and find new ways to address labor shortages. Learn More on the Voronoi App To see how aging trends could evolve over the rest of the century, check out Ranked: Top 25 Countries With the Most Seniors in 2025, 2050, 2075, & 2100 on Voronoi. Changes made

Use This Visualization Ranked: America’s Best-Selling Car Companies in 2025 See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Four auto groups were responsible for over half of all U.S. car sales in 2025. General Motors led all automakers with nearly 3 million vehicle sales. Toyota sold 2.5 million vehicles, ahead of Ford at 2.2 million and Tesla at 589,000. The U.S. remains one of the world’s largest auto markets, with more than 16 million vehicles sold domestically in 2025. This graphic visualizes U.S. vehicle sales by automaker using 2025 data from F&I Tools. The rankings reveal how foreign brands have steadily gained ground in America, while Tesla, despite its global prominence and market valuation, sold fewer than 600,000 vehicles in the country. America’s Big Three in 2025 The Big Three of U.S. carmakers have long been Chrysler, Ford, and General Motors (GM). In 2025, GM logged the most U.S. car sales of any firm, with nearly 2.9 million units moved. Ford, for its part, had over 2.2 million sales. Chrysler was acquired by Italian carmaker Fiat in 2014. The resulting Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) then merged with the French PSA Group in 2021 to form a new multinational firm, Stellantis, which is headquartered in the Netherlands while its CEO operates from the U.S. state of Michigan. In 2025, Stellantis recorded nearly 1.3 million U.S. car sales. This data table lists U.S. auto sales in 2025 by automaker. RankCompany2025 Sales (U.S.) 1GM2,853,299 2Toyota2,518,071 3Ford2,204,124 4Hyundai/Kia1,763,892 5Honda1,430,584 6Stellantis1,277,347 7Nissan928,381 8Subaru643,547 9Tesla589,000 10VW587,655 11BMW417,867 12Mazda411,451 13Mercedes343,200 14Volvo121,165 15Mitsubishi94,754 16JLR93,400 --Other118,000 --Total16,395,737 While GM remains the top automaker in the United States, its fellow Big Three firms have struggled with foreign competitors. Stellantis is just the sixth-largest car seller in the U.S. as of 2025, while Ford has been surpassed by Japanese giant Toyota, which sold over 2.5 million cars domestically. Japanese cars’ engineering, cost-effectiveness, and relative gas mileage have all contributed to their strong sales. International Car Sales in the U.S. Toyota is not the only international auto group with impressive U.S. sales. Fellow Japanese carmakers Honda (1.4 million), Mazda (411,451), Nissan (928,381), and Subaru (643,547) have also proven popular options for U.S. buyers. Hyundai Motor Group, the giant Korean auto group that includes Kia, sold nearly 1.8 million cars in 2025, while smaller British and Swedish firms like JLR (93,400) and Volvo (121,165) have maintained more niche consumer bases. Then there are the Germans. Volkswagen (587,655), BMW (417,867), and Mercedes-Benz (343,200) combined sold over a million cars in the U.S. in 2025, far below domestic carmakers like Ford and GM. The Dragon in the Room One country that has not been able to penetrate the U.S. market in a visible way is China. While Chinese firms like BYD, Geely, and Great Wall Motors have proven incredibly successful worldwide, sweeping U.S. tariffs on these manufacturers have blocked them from the lucrative American market. Both protectionist and national security reasoning has been given for these trade barriers. As a result, the U.S. remains one of the few countries worldwide where European and Japanese automakers are far outselling their Chinese counterparts. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Will American Consumers Buy Cars Made in China? on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Mapped: How Many Years of Income to Buy a Home in Every State See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Montana now has America’s highest home price-to-income ratio, surpassing California and New York. Several fast-growing migration destinations have become far less affordable over the past five years. Iowa remains the country’s most affordable housing market, requiring just 3.7 years of median household income to buy a typical home. America’s housing affordability map looks very different than it did a decade ago. Several states that drew new residents with relatively low home prices now rank among the country’s least affordable markets relative to local incomes. Using median listing prices and median household incomes from Realtor.com, this map shows how many years of income it takes to buy a typical home in every state. The results reveal where home prices have pulled furthest ahead of local earning power. Home Affordability by State in 2025 The table below shows median listing prices relative to median household incomes in each state, effectively showing how many years of income it takes to buy a home. StateHome Price-to-Income Ratio2025Median Listing PriceMedian Household Income Montana8.7$628.4K$72.1K Hawaii8.1$767.4K$94.6K New York8.1$668.2K$82.7K California7.8$742.3K$95.1K Massachusetts7.8$763.7K$98.2K Idaho7.5$580.8K$77.6K Oregon7.0$564.0K$80.4K Washington6.6$638.2K$96.1K Nevada6.6$491.9K$74.8K Rhode Island6.6$563.2K$85.7K New Mexico6.2$398.8K$64.4K Tennessee6.2$430.5K$69.7K Utah6.2$589.9K$95.6K Vermont6.2$504.6K$81.9K Arizona6.1$484.5K$78.8K Maine6.1$459.3K$75.2K Wyoming6.1$472.4K$77.7K Colorado6.1$579.4K$95.5K New Hampshire6.1$586.1K$96.8K Florida6.0$432.7K$72.7K North Carolina5.8$413.0K$71.5K New Jersey5.6$556.3K$99.4K District of Columbia5.6$589.7K$106.0K Delaware5.5$486.0K$87.7K Connecticut5.4$518.9K$95.4K South Carolina5.4$363.9K$67.8K Georgia5.2$392.1K$75.1K Mississippi5.2$294.5K$56.8K Alabama5.2$330.8K$64.0K Wisconsin5.1$388.1K$75.7K South Dakota5.0$379.5K$75.7K Arkansas4.9$299.8K$60.7K Virginia4.8$447.0K$92.7K Texas4.8$364.7K$76.6K Kentucky4.7$306.6K$64.6K Louisiana4.7$278.9K$59.3K North Dakota4.7$364.3K$77.7K Alaska4.6$436.4K$94.2K Oklahoma4.6$299.4K$65.0K Nebraska4.5$346.2K$77.0K Minnesota4.4$388.2K$88.6K Maryland4.4$434.3K$99.3K Missouri4.3$301.2K$69.7K West Virginia4.3$259.5K$60.2K Pennsylvania4.2$312.5K$74.9K Michigan4.1$290.3K$70.1K Indiana4.1$295.8K$71.5K Kansas4.0$292.6K$74.0K Ohio4.0$277.3K$70.2K Illinois3.8$307.7K$80.6K Iowa3.7$282.9K$76.0K Why Montana Is Now Less Affordable Than California A typical home in Montana costs 8.7 years of household income, surpassing California, New York, and Massachusetts. The result would have seemed unlikely a decade ago, when Montana was widely viewed as an affordable alternative to coastal markets. Montana’s ranking illustrates how dramatically America’s housing market has shifted. Home prices surged during the pandemic-era migration boom, and between 2020 and 2025, the state’s population grew 5.9%, helping fuel demand in a market with limited housing supply. Meanwhile, neighboring Idaho saw the third-fastest growth in net migration and now ranks among the 10 most unaffordable states relative to income. The Affordable Sun Belt Is Getting Harder to Find The shift isn’t limited to one state. Many Sun Belt markets that attracted millions of Americans with lower housing costs have become significantly less affordable as prices climbed faster than local incomes. Now, a median-income household in Texas can no longer afford a median-priced home valued at $364,700. Promisingly, however, Texas and Florida are building more homes than any other state, holding a combined 27% of the nation’s building permits in 2025. This highlights how fast affordability has deteriorated in some of America’s fastest-growing states. While these markets remain less expensive than California or New York, home prices have risen much faster than many buyers expected. The Midwest Is Emerging as America’s Affordability Stronghold While affordability has eroded across much of the country, the Midwest remains a notable exception. Iowa ranks as the most affordable state in America, requiring just 3.7 years of household income to purchase a typical home, at about $283,000 in 2025. Nearby states including Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Kansas also rank among the country’s most attainable housing markets, where median home prices remain near or below $300,000. Each of these states has a home price-to-income ratio close to what the median U.S. homebuyer faced in 2000. America’s Housing Map Has Been Redrawn A generation ago, Americans could often find more affordable housing by moving away from expensive coastal markets. Today, several of those destinations rank among the country’s least affordable places relative to local incomes. The result is a new housing landscape where affordability is increasingly concentrated in a handful of Midwestern states, while much of the country’s growth corridors have become harder for local households to afford. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic showing where wealth is moving in America.

Use This Visualization Ranked: Countries with the Largest Currency Reserves See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways: China holds over $3.4 trillion in foreign exchange reserves, nearly 3x more than Japan. Seven of the world’s 10 largest reserve holders are in Asia, reflecting decades of export-led growth. Despite being the world’s largest economy, the U.S. ranks only 13th because the dollar is the world’s primary reserve currency. Today’s largest reserve holders were shaped by a crisis that happened nearly three decades ago. After the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis exposed the risks of relying on foreign capital during market turmoil, many governments began building massive foreign exchange reserves as a form of economic self-insurance. Using data from the IMF’s International Reserves and Foreign Currency Liquidity (IRFCL) database, this visualization ranks countries by their foreign exchange reserves excluding gold, based on the latest available reporting periods from mid-2025 through Q2 2026. The Countries Holding the Most Reserves The table below shows the countries with the largest foreign exchange reserve holdings. RankCountryForeign Exchange Reserves ($B)Region 1 China3,410.5Asia 2 Japan1,259.2Asia 3 Switzerland932.3Europe 4 Taiwan602.5Asia 5 India543.0Asia 6 Saudi Arabia458.6Middle East 7 Hong Kong442.1Asia 8 Russia434.5Europe/Eurasia 9 South Korea423.1Asia 10 Singapore419.3Asia 11 Brazil344.2Latin America 12 United Arab Emirates251.4Middle East 13 United States244.6North America 14 Thailand237.1Asia 15 Mexico236.2Latin America 16 Israel235.7Middle East 17 Poland193.2Europe 18 United Kingdom162.9Europe 19 Czechia154.5Europe 20 Indonesia146.2Asia 21 Malaysia117.2Asia 22 Germany102.8Europe 23 Philippines91.5Asia 24 Italy88.6Europe 25 Denmark88.5Europe 26 Spain87.3Europe 27 France86.0Europe 28 Iraq85.0Middle East 29 Romania78.2Europe 30 Turkey76.6Europe/Eurasia One clear pattern stands out in the rankings: Asia dominates. Seven of the world’s 10 largest reserve holders are located in the region, together accounting for roughly two-thirds of global foreign exchange reserves. This concentration reflects decades of export-led growth, persistent trade surpluses, and a policy focus on maintaining large financial buffers. Why the U.S. Ranks So Low One of the most surprising aspects of the rankings is the relatively low position of the United States. Although it remains the world’s largest economy, the U.S. holds far fewer foreign exchange reserves than many Asian economies and ranks only 13th globally. The explanation lies in the unique role of the U.S. dollar. Because the dollar serves as the world’s primary reserve currency and dominates global trade, the United States generally does not need to accumulate large quantities of foreign currencies. Countries around the world demand dollars for trade, investment, and central bank reserves, allowing the U.S. to settle obligations in its own currency. As a result, U.S. policymakers allow the dollar to float freely rather than actively managing its exchange rate through large-scale reserve interventions. This contrasts with many export-oriented economies that maintain substantial reserve stockpiles to support financial stability and manage currency fluctuations. Why Countries Build Massive Currency Reserves Foreign exchange reserves act as a country’s emergency fund. Central banks can use them to stabilize currencies during market turmoil, pay for essential imports, service foreign debt, or reassure investors during periods of capital flight. The larger the reserve buffer, the greater a country’s ability to respond to external economic shocks without relying on foreign assistance. The importance of reserve accumulation became especially clear after the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis. Many Asian economies experienced severe currency collapses and were forced to seek external assistance. In the years that followed, governments across the region adopted a strategy of building substantial reserve buffers as a form of economic self-insurance. What Large Reserves Mean for the Global Economy Large reserve holdings can provide important benefits. Countries with substantial reserves are often better positioned to weather external shocks and maintain investor confidence during periods of market stress. However, reserves also come with costs. Funds invested in reserve assets are typically held in low-yield government securities rather than being deployed elsewhere in the economy. Policymakers must therefore balance the security provided by reserves against the opportunity cost of holding them. The rankings illustrate how global financial influence extends beyond the size of an economy alone. While the U.S. remains central to the international monetary system because of the dollar’s dominant role, Asia’s massive reserve holdings underscore the region’s importance in global trade, manufacturing, and cross-border capital flows. Learn More on the Voronoi App Want to explore how currencies have performed against one another in a rapidly changing global economy? Check out Mapped: How Major Currency Performance Shifted in 2025 on the Voronoi app to see which currencies have strengthened, weakened, and reshaped global markets this year.

Charted: Three in Four World Cup Stars Play Abroad This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways: Roughly three in four World Cup players compete for clubs outside the country they represent internationally Several national teams source more than 90% of their squads from foreign leagues, while others rely heavily on domestic competitions. Europe’s biggest leagues have become the world’s primary destination for elite football talent. International football is played between nations, but the players themselves increasingly build their careers abroad. Today, roughly 75% of World Cup players compete for clubs outside the country they represent, compared with about one in four in 1990. Europe’s biggest leagues have become the sport’s global talent hub, attracting elite players from nearly every continent. This visualization, created by DataPulse using data from FinAlarm and Transfermarkt, shows which World Cup nations export the most football talent and which continue to rely primarily on domestic leagues. Why Football Talent Moves Abroad The biggest reason players move abroad is simple: the world’s richest leagues offer higher salaries, stronger competition, and better development opportunities. England’s Premier League, Spain’s La Liga, Germany’s Bundesliga, Italy’s Serie A, and France’s Ligue 1 attract elite talent from nearly every footballing nation. The table below shows the share of World Cup players competing abroad. World Cup Teams% of Abroad Players Cape Verde100% Curaçao100% DR Congo100% Ivory Coast100% Senegal100% Uruguay100% Bosnia & Herz.96.2% Colombia96.2% Ghana96.2% Haiti96.2% Argentina92.3% Croatia92.3% Ecuador92.3% Morocco92.3% Netherlands92.3% Panama92.3% Switzerland92.3% Canada92.0% Algeria88.5% Belgium88.5% Japan88.5% Paraguay88.5% Sweden88.5% Austria88.0% Norway84.6% Australia80.8% Portugal80.8% Tunisia76.9% Brazil73.1% South Korea73.1% USA73.1% France69.2% New Zealand69.2% Scotland69.2% Iraq61.5% Jordan57.7% Mexico53.8% Türkiye42.3% Uzbekistan42.3% Czechia34.6% Egypt34.6% Iran34.6% Spain34.6% Germany26.9% South Africa26.9% England19.2% Qatar3.8% Saudi Arabia3.8% The data highlights just how international modern football has become. While some countries retain a larger share of players in domestic leagues, many squads rely overwhelmingly on athletes who compete overseas, particularly in Europe’s top divisions. National Teams, Global Careers The World Cup creates an unusual contrast. While players unite under their national flags during major tournaments, many spend the rest of their careers alongside teammates from dozens of other countries. Studies from both Phys.org and Oxford University’s COMPAS Migration Observatory suggest that countries with greater access to international football networks often benefit from enhanced player development and broader talent pipelines. Researchers examining international football migration have found that player mobility can strengthen national teams by exposing athletes to higher levels of competition and tactical diversity. The European Magnet Effect European football clubs sit at the center of the global talent market. The continent’s leading leagues generate billions in broadcasting revenue and consistently attract top players from Africa, Asia, the Americas, and Oceania. This concentration of talent creates a powerful feedback loop. Players move abroad to improve their careers, while clubs gain access to deeper talent pools. National teams then benefit when these players return for international competition with experience gained at some of the world’s strongest clubs. A Surprising Contrast One of the clearest patterns in the data is how differently countries develop elite football talent. African nations such as Senegal, Morocco, and Cameroon have some of the highest shares of national team players competing abroad, with many stars building their careers in Europe’s top leagues. By contrast, countries including Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates retain a much larger share of their talent in domestic competitions after investing heavily in local leagues. The result is two distinct development models: one that exports elite players to stronger overseas competitions, and another that prioritizes building competitive domestic leagues while keeping more national team players at home. The modern World Cup is both a competition between nations and a showcase of football’s highly interconnected global labor market. Learn More on the Voronoi App Football’s globalization extends beyond players to the clubs themselves. See which organizations command the greatest brand value in The World’s Most Valuable Football Club Brands on the Voronoi app.

Mapped: The World’s Top Innovation Clusters See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways: China hosts 24 of the world’s top 100 innovation clusters, surpassing the U.S. (22) for the largest number of leading hubs. The world’s top 10 innovation clusters generate nearly 40% of global patent filings, showing how concentrated global innovation has become. Just 33 economies account for all 100 leading clusters, which together represent roughly 70% of global patent applications and venture capital activity. Innovation is often discussed at the national level, but breakthrough technologies tend to emerge from smaller geographic hubs where researchers, startups, investors, and established companies interact closely. Using data from the World Intellectual Property Organization’s (WIPO) Global Innovation Index 2025, this graphic ranks the world’s top innovation clusters based on scientific publications, international patent filings, and venture capital activity. The rankings highlight where research, capital, and entrepreneurship are combining to create the world’s most influential innovation ecosystems. Where Are the World’s Top Innovation Clusters? The table below shows the world’s leading innovation clusters according to WIPO’s 2025 rankings. RankInnovation ClusterCountry 1Shenzhen–Hong Kong–Guangzhou China / Hong Kong 2Tokyo–Yokohama Japan 3San Jose–San Francisco United States 4Beijing China 5Seoul South Korea 6Shanghai–Suzhou China 7New York City United States 8London United Kingdom 9Boston–Cambridge United States 10Los Angeles United States 11Osaka–Kobe–Kyoto Japan 12Paris France 13Hangzhou China 14San Diego United States 15Nanjing China 16Singapore Singapore / Malaysia 17Washington–Baltimore United States 18Wuhan China 19Tel Aviv–Jerusalem Israel 20Seattle United States 21Bengaluru India 22Amsterdam–Rotterdam Netherlands 23Philadelphia United States 24Chengdu China 25Daejeon South Korea 26Delhi India 27Munich Germany 28Nagoya Japan 29Xi'an China 30Berlin Germany 31Chicago United States 32Stockholm Sweden 33Toronto Canada 34Qingdao China 35Denver United States 36Sydney Australia 37Austin United States 38Houston United States 39Hefei China 40Zürich Switzerland 41Taipei–Hsinchu Taiwan* 42Copenhagen Denmark 43Cologne Germany 44Changsha China 45Barcelona Spain 46Mumbai India 47Madrid Spain 48Moscow Russia 49São Paulo Brazil 50Tianjin China 51Minneapolis United States 52Melbourne Australia 53Raleigh United States 54Stuttgart Germany 55Brussels–Antwerp Belgium 56Milan Italy 57Chongqing China 58Istanbul Turkey 59Atlanta United States 60Helsinki Finland 61Dallas United States 62Montréal Canada 63Tehran Iran 64Frankfurt am Main Germany 65Eindhoven Netherlands 66Vancouver Canada 67Miami United States 68Jinan China 69Cambridge United Kingdom 70Harbin China 71Dublin Ireland 72Changchun China 73Portland United States 74Vienna Austria 75Shenyang China 76Pittsburgh United States 77Oxford United Kingdom 78Phoenix United States 79Mexico City Mexico 80Zhengzhou China 81Xiamen China 82Rome Italy 83Cairo Egypt 84Chennai India 85Oslo Norway 86Kuala Lumpur Malaysia 87Heidelberg–Mannheim Germany 88Dalian China 89Warsaw Poland 90Lyon France 91Hamburg Germany 92Salt Lake City United States 93Ningbo China 94Manchester United Kingdom 95Busan South Korea 96Ann Arbor United States 97Göteborg Sweden 98Macau–Zhuhai China 99Ningde China 100Zhenjiang China China and the U.S. dominate the rankings, while innovation hotspots in Japan, South Korea, Europe, and India also feature prominently. Shenzhen–Hong Kong–Guangzhou claims the top spot globally, followed by Tokyo–Yokohama and Silicon Valley’s San Jose–San Francisco corridor. Unlike city rankings, WIPO’s clusters often span multiple metropolitan areas and even national borders. The organization uses a bottom-up methodology that identifies regions with dense concentrations of inventors and scientific authors, rather than relying on political boundaries. As a result, clusters often represent entire innovation ecosystems rather than individual cities. The Concentration of Innovation Innovation clusters emerge because talent, capital, and institutions tend to reinforce one another. Leading research universities attract scientists, successful startups attract investors, and large technology firms create opportunities for commercialization. Over time, these advantages compound. This dynamic helps explain why a handful of regions consistently dominate global innovation. Silicon Valley benefits from world-class universities, deep venture capital markets, and a culture of entrepreneurship. Similarly, China’s leading clusters have been supported by sustained investment in research, advanced manufacturing, and technology commercialization. The concentration of innovation has become an increasingly important factor in global economic competition. Recent analysis from Foreign Affairs argues that technological leadership is now a central pillar of geopolitical power, while research from CSIS highlights how government-supported R&D ecosystems can accelerate innovation capacity. China’s Rise Reshapes the Innovation Map One of the most notable trends in recent years has been the rapid rise of Chinese innovation clusters. Shenzhen–Hong Kong–Guangzhou now ranks as the world’s leading cluster, while Beijing and Shanghai–Suzhou also place among the global elite. China hosts more top-100 clusters than any other economy. At the same time, the U.S. remains a dominant force in commercialization and venture capital. New York, Los Angeles, Boston, Seattle, and Silicon Valley continue to rank among the world’s most influential innovation ecosystems. In areas such as artificial intelligence innovation, American clusters continue to attract a disproportionate share of global investment and entrepreneurial activity. Learn More on the Voronoi App To see how innovation leadership has evolved over centuries, and what today’s leading clusters might signal about the future, check out Long Waves: The History of Innovation Cycles on the Voronoi app.

Ranked: The World’s Most Valuable Unicorns in 2026 See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways The world’s 30 most valuable unicorns are worth a combined $3.9 trillion. AI companies account for roughly 60% of that combined valuation. Just two companies, Anthropic and OpenAI, make up nearly half of the total value shown in this ranking. The world’s most valuable unicorns are no longer led by fintech, e-commerce, or social media platforms. In 2026, artificial intelligence companies dominate the top of the private-market rankings. This graphic ranks the world’s most valuable unicorn companies, defined as private firms valued at $1 billion or more. The data comes from Crunchbase, based on each firm’s latest reported private-market valuation. AI Dominates the Unicorn Landscape Anthropic tops the ranking with a valuation of $965 billion, followed closely by OpenAI at $852 billion. Together, these two AI leaders are worth a combined $1.8 trillion. RankCompanyValuation 1 Anthropic$965B 2 OpenAI$852B 3 ByteDance$480B 4 Stripe$159B 5 Ant Group$150B 6 Databricks$134B 7 Waymo$126B 8 Reliance Retail$101B 9 Revolut$75B 10 Shein$66B 11 Anduril Industries$61B 12 Reliance Jio$58B 13 Ramp$44B 14 Canva$42B 15 Checkout.com$40B 16 Ripple$40B 17 Figure$39B 18 Project Prometheus$38B 19 Safe Superintelligence$32B 20 Fanatics$31B 21 Alibaba Bendi Shenghuo Fuwu Gongsi$30B 22 VAST Data$30B 23 Anysphere$29B 24 Scale$29B 25 Cognition$26B 26 OKX$25B 27 FNZ$24B 28 JUUL$23B 29 Epic Games$23B 30 Yangtze Memory Technologies$23B Beyond the top two, several other AI-focused companies appear in the rankings, including Databricks, Figure, Safe Superintelligence, Anysphere, Scale AI, and Cognition. The United States Leads Global Unicorn Creation American companies dominate the list, accounting for a substantial majority of the top-ranked unicorns. This leadership reflects the depth of U.S. venture capital markets, access to technical talent, and a mature startup ecosystem capable of scaling companies to enormous valuations. At the same time, the list highlights how innovation remains geographically diverse. China, India, the United Kingdom, Australia, and Seychelles are all represented among the world’s most valuable private companies. Fintech, Commerce, and Mobility Remain Major Themes While AI captures much of the spotlight, several of the world’s largest unicorns operate in other industries. Stripe, Revolut, Checkout.com, and Ramp are among the highest-valued fintech companies, reflecting ongoing demand for digital financial services. China’s ByteDance remains one of the largest private companies globally, while Shein continues to demonstrate the scale that online retail platforms can achieve. In mobility and transportation, Waymo’s valuation highlights investor optimism surrounding autonomous driving technologies. The list also includes Alibaba Bendi Shenghuo Fuwu Gongsi, Alibaba Group’s local services division, which includes food delivery and on-demand commerce platforms. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Ranked: The Biggest U.S. Companies by Revenue (2024–2026) on Voronoi.

Published 12 hours ago on June 24, 2026 By Cody Good Graphics & Design Akhila Ayyalasomayajula Twitter Facebook LinkedIn Reddit Pinterest Email The following content is sponsored by Global X Canada Charted: How Many Years of Supply Life Are Left for Commodities? Key Takeaways Rare earth metals had the largest reduction in supply life, losing nearly 300 years worth of supply between 2020 and 2025. Lithium (-127 years) and uranium (-31 years) followed rare earths, while other commodities like oil & gas, copper, and gold all remained relatively stable. In just five years, the world has reduced the supply life of rare earth metals by nearly 300 years.  This graphic, in partnership with Global X Canada, is the first of three graphics in the Investing in Commodities series. It shows how the supply life of different critical commodities has changed between 2020-2025 using data from the USGS, OPEC, and NEA. Rare Earths With the Steepest Drop Rare earth metals recorded the biggest change between 2020 and 2025. Their estimated supply life fell from 500 years to 218 years, a drop of 282 years. Critical Commodity20202025 Rare Earth Metals500218 Lithium255128 Uranium12190 Oil6158 Natural Gas5151 Cobalt5039 Copper4243 Silver2123 Gold1720 Source: USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries (2021 – 2026); OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin; Nuclear Energy Agency For uranium, the 2020 and 2025 values are estimated from 2021 and 2023 NEA data points. Lithium supply life declined by 127 years, while uranium had a smaller drop of 31 years. These drops matter for electric vehicles, wind turbines, and defense technologies that all rely on steady rare earths  and other critical minerals. Traditional Commodities More Stable The sharpest supply-life shifts centered on critical minerals, not legacy commodities. Cobalt is the lone critical mineral with moderate change, having a decline of 11 years. For legacy commodities, oil had a modest reduction of 4 years while the precious metals, silver and gold, saw slight increases in supply while others stayed essentially flat. Investing in Commodities For investors, shrinking supply life can signal where demand growth may collide with limited resource availability. It can also highlight geopolitical risk when supply remains heavily concentrated in just a handful of countries. Commodity ETFs can offer diversified access without selecting individual producers. As demand grows, Global X Canada’s ETFs may help investors position around long-term resource trends. To learn more, explore the Global X All-In-One Commodity Producers Equity ETF (COMX). Minimize the guesswork of trying to pick which commodity segment may outperform each year. See how COMX offers diversified access across precious metals, energy, and base metals producers. 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Ranked: Top 25 Private Landowners in the U.S. This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways: The top 25 private landowners in America collectively control roughly 24.5 million acres, an area comparable to the entire state of Indiana. Stan Kroenke ranks first with 2.7 million acres after adding nearly 937,000 acres through the acquisition of the Singleton Ranches. The top four landowners alone control approximately 9.3 million acres, accounting for nearly 38% of the acreage held by the top 25. America’s largest private landowners oversee vast stretches of ranchland, timberland, farmland, and conservation areas. Using data from The Land Report 100, this visualization created by Julie R. Peasley ranks the 25 individuals and families with the largest landholdings in the country. While public lands often dominate discussions about America’s geography, private ownership remains the prevailing model. Farms, ranches, forests, and other working landscapes account for much of that acreage. America’s Largest Private Landowners The following table ranks the 25 largest private landowners in the United States, based on estimated acreage holdings compiled by The Land Report. RankNameTotal Acres 1Stan Kroenke2,700,000 2Emmerson Family2,440,000 3John Malone2,200,000 4Ted Turner2,000,000 5Reed Family1,615,000 6Peter Buck1,320,000 7Irving Family1,267,000 8King Ranch Heirs911,000 9Pingree Heirs830,000 10Cullen Heirs800,000 11Briscoe Family738,000 12Wilks Brothers652,000 13Thomas Peterffy647,000 14Stefan Soloviev629,000 15Brad Kelley624,000 16Lykes Heirs615,000 17Ford Family600,000 18Westervelt Heirs600,000 19Stimson Family552,000 20Martin Family550,000 21Jeff Bezos462,000 22Zane & Tanya Kiehne455,000 23Shannon Kizer445,000 24Simplot Family443,000 25Fisher Family440,000 Ownership at the top is highly concentrated. The four largest landowners each control at least 2 million acres, and together they hold roughly 9.3 million acres. Even the 25th-ranked owner, the Fisher family, controls approximately 440,000 acres, an area larger than many U.S. counties. Stan Kroenke’s rise to the top spot marks the biggest shift in the latest rankings. The sports and real estate billionaire increased his holdings to 2.7 million acres after acquiring nearly one million additional acres in New Mexico, the largest U.S. land transaction in more than a decade. His portfolio includes ranches across the American West in addition to ownership stakes in the Los Angeles Rams, Denver Nuggets, and Colorado Avalanche, among other sports franchises. His holdings now span roughly 4,200 square miles. Timber, Ranching, and Conservation Dominate the List Despite their diverse backgrounds, many of America’s largest landowners generate value from similar land uses. The Emmerson family, ranked second with 2.44 million acres, built its holdings through Sierra Pacific Industries, America’s largest private timber company. Meanwhile, John Malone, who ranks third with 2.2 million acres, has increasingly focused on conservation initiatives, sustainable agriculture, and land stewardship. Ted Turner, fourth with 2 million acres, is widely known for combining ranching operations with one of North America’s largest private bison conservation efforts. Further down the ranking, several names reflect multigenerational landownership. The King Ranch heirs, Pingree heirs, Cullen heirs, and Briscoe family all trace significant portions of their holdings to historic ranching, timber, and energy fortunes built over decades or even centuries. The list also includes modern entrepreneurs such as Subway co-founder Peter Buck and Amazon founder Jeff Bezos. Despite being one of the world’s wealthiest individuals, Bezos ranks just 21st with roughly 462,000 acres. Why Private Land Ownership Matters Private land ownership plays a central role in how America’s landscapes are managed. According to the USDA, roughly 70% of the nation’s land is privately owned, making private landowners critical partners in conservation, agriculture, forestry, and wildlife management. When a country has more private land than public land, decisions about resource management and habitat protection often depend on individual owners rather than government agencies. Large landowners can therefore have an outsized influence on environmental outcomes, particularly when land remains dedicated to working forests, ranches, or conservation easements. Foreign ownership of U.S. land is another closely watched topic. Foreign entities own tens of millions of acres nationwide, with Canadian entities historically leading foreign ownership of U.S. land, and Chinese entities holding roughly 1% of foreign-owned U.S. acreage. However, the vast majority of acreage on this ranking remains held by U.S.-based individuals and families. Learn More on the Voronoi App Interested in exploring more of America’s largest privately held assets? Check out America’s 10 Biggest Private Companies by Revenue on the Voronoi app to see which privately owned firms generate the most revenue in the country.

Which Countries Hold the Biggest Mineral Reserves? See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Australia holds the largest reserves of five major minerals, more than any other country in the dataset. China leads in rare earths and graphite reserves, giving it a major position in several strategic supply chains. Some minerals are heavily concentrated in a single country, including platinum-group metals in South Africa (83%) and phosphate in Morocco (69%). A small group of countries controls the world’s largest reserves of many of the minerals that power modern economies. This map shows the top reserve-holding country for 18 key minerals, from iron ore and copper to rare earths and cobalt. In several cases, a single nation accounts for an outsized share of global reserves, creating potential supply chain bottlenecks and geopolitical leverage. The data for this visualization comes from the U.S. Geological Survey’s Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 and the World Nuclear Association. Australia Leads Across Multiple Resources While some countries dominate a single resource, Australia stands out for the breadth of its mineral wealth. It ranks first globally in reserves of five major commodities, giving it one of the most diversified resource bases in the world. The country ranks first in reserves of gold, uranium, iron ore, zinc, and manganese. MineralLargest reservesShare Gold Australia20% Silver Peru18% Copper Chile21% Uranium Australia28% Diamond Russia44% Coal U.S.23% Lithium Chile25% Iron ore Australia31% Bauxite (Aluminum) Guinea26% Rare Earth China52% Nickel Indonesia44% Cobalt DRC50% Phosphate Morocco69% Graphite China32% Zinc Australia27% Potash Canada45% Manganese Australia32% Platinum-Group Metals South Africa83% Its dominance in iron ore is particularly significant, with 31% of global reserves. Australia is also home to 28% of the world’s uranium reserves, making it an important player in the future of nuclear energy. China’s Strategic Resource Position China leads global reserves of both rare earth elements and graphite, two minerals that sit at the center of modern industrial supply chains. Together, they support technologies ranging from EV batteries and wind turbines to semiconductors and advanced defense systems. Rare earths are especially important because they are difficult to substitute in many advanced technologies. Where Mineral Reserves Are Most Concentrated Some of the world’s most important mineral reserves are concentrated in just one country. South Africa holds 83% of global platinum-group metal reserves, Morocco controls 69% of phosphate reserves, and the Democratic Republic of Congo accounts for half of global cobalt reserves. This concentration can make global supply chains highly dependent on a small number of producers. Meanwhile, Indonesia holds 44% of nickel reserves, another key ingredient in electric vehicle batteries. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Where Are the World’s Rare Earth Metals? on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

Mapped: Where Diesel Prices Have Surged Since the Iran War This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways: Diesel prices have more than doubled in Laos (+149.7%) and Fiji (+110.1%) since the Iran war began. Several major economies have seen sharp increases, including the U.S. (+40.5%), UK (+30.1%), China (+28.6%), and South Korea (+26.3%). Oil-producing countries such as Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, and Algeria recorded no diesel price growth, highlighting how domestic supply can shield consumers from global energy shocks. Fuel markets have been under pressure since the start of the Iran war, as concerns over oil supply disruptions pushed energy prices higher. This visualization by Iswardi Ishak, using data from Global Petrol Prices, shows how diesel prices changed between February 23 and June 1, revealing where the conflict’s impact on fuel markets has been felt most acutely. Unlike gasoline, diesel is deeply tied to freight transportation, agriculture, manufacturing, and construction, making it an important indicator of broader economic pressures. How Diesel Prices Have Changed Around the World The table below shows diesel price changes for the 128 countries in the dataset: RankCountryDiesel Price Change (Feb 23-Jun 1) 1 Laos149.7% 2 Fiji110.1% 3 Burma (Myanmar)85.6% 4 Lesotho84.4% 5 Indonesia80.1% 6 United Arab Emirates71.8% 7 New Zealand70.6% 8 Peru64.5% 9 Malaysia62.9% 10 Tanzania60.4% 11 Nepal58.5% 12 Curacao55.7% 13 Lebanon54.6% 14 Singapore54.0% 15 Chile54.0% 16 Honduras53.8% 17 Panama53.7% 18 Mayotte52.9% 19 Vietnam49.3% 20 Sri Lanka48.0% 21 South Africa47.9% 22 Philippines46.4% 23 Puerto Rico45.6% 24 Mozambique45.5% 25 Namibia44.0% 26 USA40.5% 27 Sierra Leone40.4% 28 Kenya39.8% 29 Georgia38.9% 30 Pakistan38.1% 31 Zimbabwe37.5% 32 Grenada37.5% 33 Bosnia and Herzegovina36.5% 34 Ukraine35.6% 35 Malawi35.2% 36 Bulgaria35.0% 37 Moldova34.6% 38 Aruba33.2% 39 Morocco32.9% 40 Thailand32.1% 41 Cape Verde32.0% 42 Jordan31.8% 43 Paraguay31.2% 44 Zambia31.1% 45 Costa Rica30.6% 46 United Kingdom30.1% 47 Cambodia29.3% 48 Cayman Islands28.9% 49 China28.6% 50 Cyprus28.1% 51 Andorra28.0% 52 Ghana27.8% 53 El Salvador27.6% 54 Australia27.5% 55 Jamaica26.7% 56 South Korea26.3% 57 Macedonia25.7% 58 Guyana25.0% 59 Montenegro24.8% 60 Argentina24.5% 61 Netherlands24.2% 62 France23.9% 63 Canada23.8% 64 Czech Republic23.6% 65 Hong Kong22.9% 66 Estonia22.7% 67 Guatemala22.5% 68 Latvia21.3% 69 Mauritius20.9% 70 Finland20.9% 71 Liechtenstein20.1% 72 Croatia19.4% 73 Lithuania18.9% 74 Austria18.4% 75 Switzerland18.1% 76 Luxembourg18.1% 77 Uruguay18.0% 78 Suriname18.0% 79 Belgium17.9% 80 Iceland17.7% 81 Slovakia17.2% 82 Italy17.2% 83 Egypt17.1% 84 Portugal17.0% 85 Sweden16.9% 86 Romania16.9% 87 Denmark16.6% 88 Taiwan16.5% 89 Rwanda16.1% 90 Dominican Republic15.6% 91 Ecuador15.0% 92 Bangladesh15.0% 93 Bahrain14.5% 94 Spain14.4% 95 Brazil14.3% 96 Poland13.0% 97 Israel13.0% 98 Slovenia12.4% 99 Greece12.4% 100 Serbia12.1% 101 Ireland11.4% 102 Japan10.8% 103 Wallis and Futuna10.7% 104 India8.3% 105 Turkey8.2% 106 Qatar7.9% 107 Germany7.4% 108 Hungary7.0% 109 Benin4.2% 110 Ivory Coast3.7% 111 Mexico3.6% 112 Colombia2.7% 113 Belarus2.7% 114 Russia1.7% 115 Norway1.3% 116 Tunisia0.0% 117 Saudi Arabia0.0% 118 Saint Lucia0.0% 119 Oman0.0% 120 Nicaragua0.0% 121 Malta0.0% 122 Madagascar0.0% 123 Kuwait0.0% 124 Cameroon0.0% 125 Burkina Faso0.0% 126 Bolivia0.0% 127 Algeria0.0% 128 Barbados-1.2% The data highlights how differently countries have absorbed the shock. While diesel prices surged across much of Asia, Oceania, and parts of Africa, increases were generally more modest across several European economies. Government pricing policies, fuel subsidies, and domestic energy production all help explain these differences. Meanwhile, several major oil-producing countries, including Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, and Algeria, recorded no diesel price growth, underscoring how domestic production and government fuel pricing policies can insulate consumers from global shocks. The Countries Hit Hardest by Diesel Inflation The steepest diesel price increases were concentrated in a diverse group of fuel-importing economies. Laos tops the ranking with a 149.7% increase, followed by Fiji (+110.1%), Myanmar (+85.6%), and Lesotho (+84.4%). A number of countries also recorded increases above 60%, including Indonesia, the United Arab Emirates, New Zealand, Peru, Malaysia, and Tanzania. These gains far exceeded the increases seen across most advanced economies and underscore how global energy shocks can affect countries very differently. How Does This Compare to Gasoline Prices? The diesel surge mirrors trends seen in gasoline markets since the conflict began. In the United States, gasoline prices rose roughly 50% from pre-war levels during the sharpest phase of the crisis, according to reporting from PBS and NBC News. However, some analysts note that gasoline prices have recently begun easing as crude oil markets adjust and fears of major supply disruptions have moderated. Yahoo Finance reports that falling oil prices and improving market sentiment have helped pull fuel prices off their highs, though prices remain elevated relative to pre-war levels. The contrast illustrates a familiar pattern in energy markets: prices can rise rapidly when geopolitical risks emerge but often take longer to normalize once those risks fade. Why Diesel Matters for the Broader Economy Diesel is often viewed as a leading indicator of economic cost pressures because it powers much of the world’s freight network. When diesel prices rise, transportation becomes more expensive, increasing costs for manufacturers, retailers, farmers, and construction firms. Those higher costs can eventually filter through to consumers in the form of broader inflation. In that vein, Reuters found that higher fuel costs are increasing expenses for American farmers, while economists have warned that sustained energy inflation could place additional pressure on consumer prices. Similar concerns have emerged across Europe and Asia as businesses absorb higher transportation and operating costs. This helps explain why investors continue to closely monitor developments in the Middle East. Even small changes in global oil flows can have outsized effects on fuel prices, transportation costs, and economic growth. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed this post, check out How Much Does Everyone Pay for Gas Around the Globe? on the Voronoi app to compare fuel prices across countries and see where drivers pay the most, and least, at the pump.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Mapped: The States Carrying the Most Debt Per Resident See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Connecticut carries America’s highest state debt burden at nearly $26,200 per resident, more than 13 times Tennessee’s level. California carries almost $500 billion in state debt, the largest total in the nation, but ranks only 10th on a per-resident basis. Illinois, New Jersey, Hawaii, and Massachusetts also rank among the states with the heaviest debt burdens per resident. When Americans think about government debt, they usually focus on Washington. But states have accumulated billions in obligations of their own. This map shows state government debt per resident across all 50 states using data from the Reason Foundation. While states such as California and New York carry some of the largest debt loads in total dollars, adjusting for population reveals where government obligations are most concentrated. The rankings reflect a mix of borrowing decisions, pension liabilities, and long-term fiscal policies that have accumulated over decades. Where Debt Burdens Are Highest With nearly $100 billion in debt and a population of just 3.7 million, Connecticut has the highest state debt burden in the country. For perspective, it carries more debt than Florida, a state home to 23 million people. This works out to nearly $26,200 in debt per resident, reflecting decades of borrowing and underfunding as tax revenues have failed to keep pace with state spending. The contrast highlights why debt per resident can tell a very different story than total debt alone. RankStateGovernment State Debt per Capita 2023Total Debt 1Connecticut$26,187$94.4B 2New Jersey$22,968$213.4B 3Hawaii$18,909$27.5B 4Delaware$17,535$17.4B 5Illinois$17,391$222.8B 6Massachusetts$17,082$120.1B 7Wyoming$15,433$8.9B 8Alaska$14,861$10.9B 9North Dakota$13,357$10.4B 10California$12,565$496.8B 11Washington$12,118$93.4B 12New York$11,547$233.3B 13Vermont$10,930$7.0B 14Maryland$9,816$60.6B 15Kentucky$9,376$42.3B 16New Mexico$8,637$18.3B 17Louisiana$8,283$38.6B 18Rhode Island$8,093$8.9B 19Colorado$7,469$43.1B 20Texas$7,443$216.9B 21Maine$6,576$8.9B 22Oregon$6,169$26.1B 23West Virginia$5,897$10.6B 24Pennsylvania$5,872$76.4B 25Montana$5,394$5.8B 26Wisconsin$4,943$29.1B 27Mississippi$4,784$14.2B 28Ohio$4,726$55.8B 29Georgia$4,503$48.2B 30New Hampshire$4,374$6.0B 31Minnesota$4,094$23.4B 32Virginia$4,037$34.9B 33Arkansas$3,985$12.0B 34Michigan$3,891$39.2B 35Nevada$3,850$12.0B 36South Carolina$3,578$18.3B 37Arizona$3,443$24.6B 38Missouri$3,438$21.2B 39Kansas$3,427$10.1B 40Alabama$3,350$16.8B 41Florida$3,334$71.8B 42Iowa$3,180$10.2B 43North Carolina$3,086$32.2B 44Indiana$2,975$20.2B 45Oklahoma$2,871$11.4B 46South Dakota$2,776$2.5B 47Idaho$2,625$4.8B 48Nebraska$2,503$4.9B 49Utah$2,006$6.6B 50Tennessee$1,952$13.5B Overall, the highest debt burdens are concentrated in the West and Northeast, including New Jersey, Hawaii, and Massachusetts. Notably, their debt burdens are roughly 10 times higher than those of states such as Utah and Tennessee on a per-resident basis. Why Debt Piles Are So High For decades, states have failed to put aside enough assets to pay for their pension systems. When these obligations compound over time, they can become some of the largest liabilities on state balance sheets, particularly as the population ages. Illinois, for instance, had $145 billion in pension debt at the end of 2023, the nation’s highest tab. California followed behind with $90 billion in pension debt, reflecting a large gap between promised retirement benefits and the assets available to fund them. Tennessee’s Fiscal Discipline Despite having no income tax, Tennessee has the lowest debt per resident in the country and one of the lowest pension burdens overall. Historically, the state has taken a conservative approach to debt issuance, maintained strong reserves, and earned one of the highest credit ratings in the country. As a result, long-term obligations have not accumulated to the same extent as in other states. Tennessee has long been known for its strict approach to public finances, resulting in a per-resident debt burden that is more than 13 times lower than top-ranking Connecticut. The Long Shadow of State Debt State debt varies widely across America, reflecting decades of different borrowing decisions, pension obligations, and fiscal policies. The largest burdens were not created overnight, and in many cases they cannot be solved quickly, leaving states to manage the consequences for years to come. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic showing where Americans pay the most taxes by state.

Published 2 hours ago on June 23, 2026 By Ryan Bellefontaine Graphics & Design Akhila Ayyalasomayajula Twitter Facebook LinkedIn Reddit Pinterest Email The following content is sponsored by Lloyd's Register Foundation Mapped: People Are Closer on Climate Than They Think Climate action often depends on whether people believe others share their concern. However, new survey data suggests many societies may underestimate public support for treating climate change as serious. This graphic, in partnership with Lloyd’s Register Foundation, shows the gap between personal climate concern and perceived concern among most others using data from World Risk Poll Report 2026. Climate Concern Is More Shared Than It Looks The climate perception gap measures how much personal concern exceeds perceived concern among fellow citizens. In many countries, the difference is positive, meaning people care more than they think others do. Here is a table that shows the climate perception gap by country. RankCountryClimate Change is a Very Serious Threat to the Country in Next 20 Years (%)Most Other People in (Country) View Climate Change as a Very Serious Threat to the Country in Next 20 Years (%)Climate Perception Gap (percentage points) 1 Portugal662442 2 United States511041 3 Italy582038 4 United Kingdom531538 5 Uruguay632636 6 Spain632636 7 Argentina612535 8 France491435 9 Germany632934 10 Chile693634 11 Brazil703832 12 Cyprus602832 13 Australia471532 14 Japan542331 15 Ireland532330 16 Greece623329 17 Slovenia471828 18 Sweden421329 19 Hungary583028 20 Costa Rica764927 21 Mexico653827 22 Canada461927 23 Peru643925 24 Ukraine462125 25 Panama724824 26 Norway351123 27 Singapore411823 28 New Zealand371423 29 Belgium361323 30 Czech Republic32924 31 Bolivia603823 32 Malta472621 33 Jamaica452519 34 Mauritius412121 35 Bulgaria523319 36 Serbia442520 37 Iceland23419 38 Colombia715318 39 Georgia674917 40 Romania584018 41 Armenia371918 42 Finland281018 43 Ecuador634617 44 Honduras624517 45 Turkey584118 46 Venezuela553817 47 Paraguay543717 48 Switzerland533617 49 Netherlands281117 50 Albania594513 51 Russia301614 52 Ghana574414 53 South Africa493613 54 Taiwan463313 55 Slovakia392613 56 Israel372413 57 Latvia332013 58 Kenya594712 59 El Salvador513912 60 Bosnia Herzegovina443212 61 Moldova423012 62 Egypt311912 63 South Korea645312 64 Guatemala554411 65 Tajikistan544312 66 Luxembourg524111 67 Algeria372611 68 Lithuania271611 69 Guinea625210 70 Austria615110 71 Zambia605010 72 Gambia524211 73 Uganda50409 74 Cameroon453510 75 Mali423211 76 Estonia17710 77 Lesotho58499 78 Sierra Leone56479 79 Botswana55469 80 Liberia53449 81 Burkina Faso50419 82 Senegal494010 83 Kosovo42339 84 Gabon40318 85 Morocco33249 86 Tunisia30219 87 Montenegro27189 88 United Arab Emirates27189 89 Malawi86788 90 Philippines61538 91 North Macedonia60528 92 Nigeria43358 93 Jordan30228 94 Hong Kong26188 95 Palestine25178 96 Vietnam72656 97 Iraq38317 98 Indonesia36297 99 Bahrain30237 100 Kuwait1697 101 Zimbabwe54485 102 Pakistan49437 103 Azerbaijan44386 104 Kyrgyzstan42366 105 Kazakhstan40346 106 Poland39337 107 Malaysia34286 108 Croatia25197 109 Mozambique52475 110 Sri Lanka29244 111 Benin57533 112 Togo53494 113 Ivory Coast48444 114 Thailand44404 115 Dominican Republic42384 116 Mauritania40364 117 Congo Kinshasa32284 118 Saudi Arabia1174 119 Nepal49463 120 Tanzania48453 121 Denmark27243 122 Libya25224 123 Oman16133 124 Madagascar63612 125 Bangladesh44423 126 Niger44422 127 Congo Brazzaville43412 128 Mongolia36342 129 India33312 130 Laos31292 131 Cambodia29273 132 Chad50492 133 Uzbekistan44431 134 Namibia32311 135 Ethiopia16151 136 Somalia28290 137 Lebanon3941-2 138 Myanmar1921-2 139 Comoros3440-6 140 China2329-6 Portugal and the United States top the ranking, with gaps above 41 percentage points. Italy and the UK follow, both near 38 points. Only a handful of countries yield the opposite result, including Somalia, Lebanon, Myanmar, Comoros, and China. The Largest Gaps Are in Wealthier Countries High-income countries account for 25 of the top 30 gaps. As a result, the biggest story is not apathy, but a misread of social concern. Nearly half of people in high-income countries see climate change as very serious. Yet only 20% think most others in their country feel the same. A Silver Lining for Climate Action This misperception can matter because people often take cues from those around them. Therefore, correcting the gap could make climate concern feel more mainstream. That makes the finding a potential silver lining. In high-income countries, people may be closer on climate than public debate suggests. Meanwhile, climate risk continues to shape the global risk landscape, especially as extreme weather influences economies and policy. 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Mapped: Where Americans Earn the Most Per Hour in 2026 See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Washington, D.C. leads the nation with average hourly earnings of $57.39, more than $13 per hour ahead of second-place Washington state. Only seven states report average hourly earnings above $40 per hour, with most clustered along the coasts. Mississippi ranks last at $28.98 per hour, highlighting the wide pay gap across U.S. labor markets. From technology hubs to government centers, America’s highest-paying labor markets are concentrated in a relatively small number of states. This ranking compares average hourly earnings across all 50 states and the District of Columbia, showing where workers earn the most per hour in 2026. The data for this visualization comes from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and reflects average hourly earnings for private-sector employees as of April 2026. Washington, D.C. Stands Alone At $57.39 per hour, Washington, D.C. sits in a league of its own. The district’s unique economy is heavily influenced by the federal government, supporting a vast ecosystem of contractors, consultants, defense firms, law offices, and technology companies. RankState/DistrictAverage hourly earnings (2026) 1District of Columbia$57.39 2Washington$44.15 3Massachusetts$43.45 4California$42.56 5Connecticut$40.22 6Hawaii$40.07 7New York$40.03 8Colorado$39.86 9New Jersey$38.76 10Minnesota$38.53 11Oregon$38.53 12Alaska$38.34 13Virginia$38.29 14Rhode Island$37.81 15Maryland$37.33 16New Hampshire$36.36 17Illinois$36.35 18Arizona$36.02 19North Dakota$35.98 20Utah$35.91 21Florida$35.85 22Vermont$35.78 23Georgia$35.58 24Idaho$35.47 25Texas$34.85 26Wisconsin$34.69 27North Carolina$34.62 28Michigan$34.36 29Missouri$33.92 30Maine$33.81 31Ohio$33.81 32Pennsylvania$33.57 33Montana$33.48 34Delaware$33.40 35Wyoming$33.40 36South Carolina$33.37 37Nevada$33.24 38Indiana$32.99 39Kansas$32.98 40Nebraska$32.56 41Alabama$32.53 42South Dakota$31.99 43Oklahoma$31.94 44Tennessee$31.79 45New Mexico$31.47 46Louisiana$30.84 47Kentucky$30.72 48West Virginia$30.63 49Iowa$30.59 50Arkansas$29.53 51Mississippi$28.98 This concentration of highly educated workers and specialized industries helps push average earnings in D.C. far above the national norm. D.C.’s lead over second-place Washington state exceeds $13 per hour, making it the only U.S. jurisdiction with average hourly earnings above $50. Tech Hubs and Coastal States Lead the Rankings Several of the highest-paying states are home to major technology and innovation centers. Washington ($44.15), Massachusetts ($43.45), and California ($42.56) all rank among the top four thanks to strong technology, biotechnology, and professional services sectors. Meanwhile, states such as Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, and Maryland benefit from proximity to financial centers and large concentrations of corporate headquarters. The South and Appalachia Trail the National Leaders Many of the lowest-ranked states are located in the South and Appalachia. Mississippi recorded the lowest average hourly earnings at $28.98, followed by Arkansas at $29.53 and Iowa at $30.59. Lower wages in these states are often linked to industry composition, lower costs of living, and a smaller presence of high-paying sectors such as technology and finance. However, many of these states continue to attract investment in manufacturing, logistics, and energy projects that could gradually reshape local labor markets. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out The States Where Housing Prices Have Surged the Most (2021–2026) on Voronoi.