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Visualized: The Economic Value of the Arctic
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Visualized: The Economic Value of the Arctic
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
A 2017 study from Tanya O’Garra estimated that the Arctic provides approximately $281 billion per year (2016 USD) from its various resources
Climate regulation (e.g. carbon storage) is by far the Arctic’s most valuable asset
The Arctic is gaining global attention as melting ice unlocks access to vast natural resources. From “ecosystem services” like climate regulation to lucrative mineral and oil reserves, this chilly region’s economic value is surprisingly large.
In this graphic, we break down the Arctic’s annual economic value based on the results of a 2017 study from Tanya O’Garra titled Economic Value of Ecosystem Services, Minerals, and Oil in a Melting Arctic.
Data and Methodology
The economic values of various Arctic resources were estimated using a combination of biophysical data and economic valuation techniques.
CategoryAnnual Value (2016 $B)
Food$1.5
Oil & Minerals$19.9
Hunting & Tourism$1.01
Climate Regulation$216.6
Cultural Value$41.6
For climate regulation, the study assessed the Arctic’s role in carbon sequestration and its impact on global climate systems, assigning value based on the cost of carbon emissions and the benefits of climate stabilization.
Cultural values were evaluated through contingent valuation methods, which estimate individuals’ willingness to pay for the preservation of cultural and spiritual benefits associated with the Arctic environment.
The valuation of oil and minerals involved analyzing market prices, extraction costs, and the quantity of known reserves. Given the large variation in production costs for mining, it was assumed that 50% of mining revenue comprises costs.
Climate Change’s Impact on Economic Value
Global warming is expected to have varied effects on the Arctic’s economic value.
For example, retreating sea-ice could open up new shipping routes, fishing grounds, and areas for mineral exploration. On the flipside, increased resource extraction from the Arctic could also lead to more environmental disasters (e.g. pipeline leaks) and pollution.
Geopolitical competition is also ramping up in the region, as major economic powers like China, Russia, and the U.S. seek to secure shipping routes and resource access.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed this post, check out Countries With the Most Freshwater Resources on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Charted: Working Hours Needed to Exit Poverty in OECD Countries
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Charted: Working Hours Needed to Exit Poverty in OECD Countries
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
On average across OECD countries, a single low-wage worker (with no children) needs to work 21 hours per week to rise above the poverty line
Slovenia requires 35 weekly working hours to escape poverty, more than any other OECD nation
Türkiye requires just 9 weekly working hours to rise above the poverty line
In any given country, real wages, employment conditions, and economic opportunity often influence how easily people can overcome poverty.
Hence, rising above the poverty line requires a lot more work in some nations than in others, even between OECD countries.
This infographic uses data from the OECD to shows the weekly working hours a single person (with no children) needs to work to rise above the poverty line in 35 OECD countries, assuming they earn 67% of the national average wage.
How Much Work Does It Take to Escape Poverty?
The poverty line is calculated as 50% of the country’s median disposable income. On average across OECD countries, a single individual with below-average income needs to work 21 hours per week to cross the poverty threshold.
However, there are stark differences between the countries at the higher and lower ends of the spectrum, as shown in the table below:
CountryWeekly Working Hours to Exit Poverty
Slovenia 35
Czechia 28
New Zealand 27
United States 26
Denmark 26
Poland 25
Estonia 25
Latvia 25
Sweden 24
Luxembourg 24
Slovak Republic 24
Norway 24
Spain 22
South Korea 22
Switzerland 22
Portugal 22
OECD average21
Germany 21
Canada 21
Austria 21
Iceland 21
Hungary 21
Australia 21
Lithuania 19
Italy 19
Finland 19
Israel 18
France 18
Netherlands 18
Ireland 18
Japan 16
Greece 16
Belgium 16
United Kingdom 14
Türkiye 9
Slovenia stands out, requiring 35 weekly working hours—nearly the equivalent of a full-time job—just to move past the poverty line. Close behind are Czechia, New Zealand, the United States, and Denmark, each requiring between 26 and 28 hours per week to exit poverty.
Several developed nations are clustered around the OECD average of 21 hours, including Australia, Canada, South Korea, and European countries like Germany and Portugal.
Meanwhile, many countries require less than a typical part-time job’s worth of work (20 hours per week) to lift a low-income worker above poverty.
Türkiye notably requires just 9 weekly working hours to rise above the poverty line. This indicates that the country’s median disposable income is relatively low, with a few hours per week enough to cross the poverty line at lower-than-average wages.
Other countries requiring low working hours to exit poverty include the United Kingdom at 14 weekly hours, followed by Belgium, Greece, and Japan at 16 hours each.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To learn more about this topic, check out this infographic on Home Affordability in OECD Countries on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Mapped: America’s Sinking Cities
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Land Subsidence Across U.S. Cities
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Across the U.S., major urban centers are experiencing significant land subsidence, a.k.a the sinking of land.
This map visualizes the average vertical land movement within 28 of the largest U.S. cities from 2015 to 2021, measured in milimeters per year.
Data comes from a 2025 Nature Cities study titled “Land subsidence risk to infrastructure in US metropolises” by Ohenhen, Zhai, Lucy, et al.
Which U.S. City is Sinking the Most?
Below, we show the average vertical land movement within 28 of the largest U.S. cities from 2015 to 2021, measured in millimeters per year.
CityStateVertical land movement (mm/year)
HoustonTexas-5.216
Fort WorthTexas-4.366
DallasTexas-3.846
New YorkNew York-2.430
ChicagoIllinois-2.323
ColumbusOhio-1.934
SeattleWashington-1.847
DetroitMichigan-1.726
DenverColorado-1.714
CharlotteNorth Carolina-1.507
IndianapolisIndiana-1.423
WashingtonDistrict of Columbia-1.283
Oklahoma CityOklahoma-1.283
NashvilleTennessee-1.133
San AntonioTexas-1.099
San DiegoCalifornia-1.076
PortlandOregon-0.922
San FranciscoCalifornia-0.857
PhoenixArizona-0.846
Las VegasNevada-0.841
AustinTexas-0.792
El PasoTexas-0.754
PhiladelphiaPennsylvania-0.735
Los AngelesCalifornia-0.729
BostonMassachusetts-0.478
MemphisTennessee0.006
San JoseCalifornia0.219
JacksonvilleFlorida0.452
A recent study found that 25 of the 28 largest U.S. metropolitan areas are sinking each year, with cities in Texas experiencing some of the most severe land subsidence.
Out of the cities studied, Houston was the city experiencing the most drastic subsidence, sinking 5.216 milimeters per year on average.
This gradual sinking can worsen the impacts of sea-level rise, increase flood risk, and place additional stress on urban infrastructure, particularly in densely developed areas.
The primary cause of this subsidence is groundwater extraction, though other contributing factors include the weight of urban development, oil and gas extraction, and glacial isostatic adjustment—a slow shift in the Earth’s surface due to the long-term melting of ancient ice sheets.
The study authors estimate that a total land area of 17,900 sq. km. is sinking across these 28 cities.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To learn about sinking cities, check out this graphic by Planet Anomaly that visualizes the fastest-sinking coastal cities.
Ranked: Largest Communities on Reddit
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Biggest Subreddits 2025
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Popular social news aggregation and discussion forum platform Reddit hosts hundreds of thousands of active communities, or subreddits. Which ones have the most members?
This chart ranks the 15 largest communities on Reddit based on number of members as of May 2025.
Data comes from Reddit.
What are the Largest Communities on Reddit?
Below, we show the 15 largest subreddits on Reddit as of May 2025.
RankSubredditMembers (M)
1r/funny67
2r/AskReddit55
3r/gaming47
4r/worldnews46
5r/todayilearned41
6r/Music38
7r/aww38
8r/movies36
9r/memes35
10r/Showerthoughts34
11r/science34
12r/pics33
13r/Jokes30
14r/news30
15r/space28
Subreddit r/funny, created in January 2005, takes the crown as the largest community on Reddit with 67 million members, approximately the population of France.
Humor-related subreddits like r/funny, r/memes, and r/Jokes are some of the most popular communities on Reddit.
General interest, curiosity-driven subreddits are also some of the most popular, including r/AskReddit, r/TodayILearned, and r/ShowerThoughts, while broad-based entertainment communities lik r/gaming, r/Music, r/movies also have significant membership.
Reddit is the sixth-most visited website in the world, totaling 6 billion monthly visits as of November 2024.
It is also among the top websites in the world by daily searches, totaling around 900 million.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To learn about Reddit’s history, check out this graphic by Chartr that visualizes the rise of Google searches for Reddit.
Ranked: Countries With the Largest Declines in Freedom (2014-2024)
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Countries With the Largest Declines in Freedom (2014-2024)
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Nicaragua tops the list, where the Ortega regime has shuttered over 57 media outlets, violently suppressed protests, and removed presidential term limits.
In Tunisia, President Kaïs Saïed has eroded judicial independence and intensified repression of political opponents—leaving the country on the verge of economic collapse.
El Salvador also ranks among the top three, as President Nayib Bukele faces criticism for mass arrests and corruption.
Over the past decade, freedom has sharply declined in many countries.
Authoritarian leaders have expanded their power by rewriting constitutions, silencing the media, and suppressing opposition. As democratic institutions erode, waves of protest have erupted—often met with brutal crackdowns across several global regions.
This graphic shows the nations with the sharpest drop in democratic freedoms since 2014, based on analysis from Freedom House.
Democratic Freedoms in Retreat
Here are the top 20 countries in the world where freedom has fallen the most based on 25 indicators across civil liberties and political rights:
CountryStatusDecline in Score 2014-20242024 Score
NicaraguaNot Free-4014
TunisiaPartly Free-3544
El SalvadorPartly Free-2847
TanzaniaNot Free-2835
NigerNot Free-2630
Hong KongPartly Free-2540
SerbiaPartly Free-2456
TürkiyeNot Free-2233
VenezuelaNot Free-2213
BeninPartly Free-2160
Burkina FasoNot Free-2025
MaliNot Free-2024
AfghanistanNot Free-186
MyanmarNot Free-187
BurundiNot Free-1715
Notably, Nicaragua has seen democratic freedoms backslide as autocratic leader Daniel Ortega has overhauled the constitution. In particular, Ortega enabled his wife, Rosaria Murillo, to become co-president under law.
Meanwhile, Ortega can now prosecute media that oppose his views. Even more strikingly, any resident who is considered a traitor can have their citizenship revoked.
Following Nicaragua are Tunisia and El Salvador, each which have seen considerable declines in civil liberties. With 1,700 prisoners per 100,000 population, El Salvador has the highest incarceration rate in the world.
Serbia and Türkiye stand as the top two in Europe, with Serbia seeing protests, rigged elections, and the arrest of activists in a deteriorating political climate.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To learn more about this topic from a global perspective, check out this graphic on law and order around the world.
Visualized: Reshoring Investments in the U.S. Have Surged to $1.7T
Published 8 hours ago on June 13, 2025
By Julia Wendling
Graphics & Design
Zack Aboulazm
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The following content is sponsored by Tema ETFs
Visualized: Reshoring Investments in the U.S. Have Surged to $1.7T
Reshoring began with supply chain disruptions and sluggish job growth—now it’s gaining momentum with the White House.
This graphic, created in partnership with Tema ETFs, provides visual context to the surge in U.S. reshoring projects over the last two years, using data from Eaton.
Bringing Back “Made in America”
For decades, “Made in America” seemed like a fading trend—until the COVID-19 pandemic put U.S. manufacturing back in the spotlight.
As global supply chains buckled and countries adopted more protectionist policies, a powerful new catalyst for U.S. manufacturing emerged. Suddenly, companies began bringing production back home in a bid for greater resilience and control.
YearReshoring megaprojects, cumulative ($ billions)
Q1 2023600
Q2 2023686
Q3 2023859
Q4 2023933
Q1 20241,200
Q2 20241,400
Q3 20241,600
Q4 20241,700
The shift has been striking. In 2023, U.S. reshoring announcements totaled $933 billion. By the end of 2024, that figure had surged to $1.7 trillion.
The Companies Leading the Movement
There’s been no shortage of major companies making reshoring announcements, pledging to bring more jobs and investment with them in the process. Some notable ones include:
Apple ($500 billion)
X’s Stargate program ($500 billion)
TSMC ($100 billion)
Johnson & Johnson ($55 billion)
Eli Lilly ($27 billion)
Hyundai ($6 billion)
A New Era
Investing in reshoring companies presents a timely and strategic opportunity. While the pandemic and a resurgence of protectionist policies—especially during the Trump era—have accelerated the trend, reshoring is shaping up to be a long-term solution to America’s sluggish economic and job growth.
Disclosure
Carefully consider the Fund’s investment objectives, risk factors, charges and expenses before investing. This and additional information can be found in the Fund’s prospectus or summary prospectus, which may be obtained by visiting temaetfs.com. Read the prospectus carefully before investing.
Risk Information
Investing involves risk including possible loss of principal. There is no guarantee the adviser’s investment strategy will be successful.
Sector Focus Risk: The Fund may invest a significant portion of its assets in one or more sectors, including Industrials, Materials and Utilities, and thus will be more susceptible to the risks affecting those sectors than funds that have more diversified holdings across several sectors. The success of the Fund’s investment strategy depends in part on the ability of the companies in which it invests to reshore or onshore services to the United States.
Companies may face significant legal, financial and political headwinds in the reshoring or onshoring of jobs into the United States, and these factors may be detrimental to performance. Industrial and Utilities sector companies will likewise be subject to the risks of Government regulation, world events, exchange rates and economic conditions, technological developments and liabilities for environmental damage and general civil liabilities. In addition, many materials companies are significantly affected by the level and volatility of commodity prices, exchange rates, import controls, worldwide competition, environmental policies and consumer demand. Investing in foreign and emerging markets involves risks relating to political, economic, or regulatory conditions not associated with investments in U.S. securities and instruments in addition the fund Is exposed to currency risk.
Tema ETFs LLC serves as the investment adviser to Tema American Reshoring ETF (the “Fund”), and NEOS Investments, LLC serves as a sub adviser to the Fund. The Fund is distributed by Foreside Services LLC, which is not affiliated with Tema ETFs LLC nor NEOS Investments, LLC. Check the background of Foreside on FINRA’s BrokerCheck. Distributor: Foreside Fund Service LLC For inquiries: info@temaetfs.com
Related Topics: #reshoring #partner #OpenAI #Eli Lilly #tariffs #trump #trade #manufacturing
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How Major Asset Classes Have Performed Since 2020
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How Major Asset Classes Have Performed Since 2020
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Bitcoin climbed 301% in 2020 as investors flocked to it as an inflation hedge and institutional adoption grew
Gold surged in 2024 as falling interest rates and persistent geopolitical uncertainty boosted demand for safe-haven assets
Over the past five years, asset classes have experienced significant shifts, influenced by global events and economic policies. This infographic illustrates the annual performance of major asset classes from 2020 to 2024, highlighting the volatility and resilience across different assets during this period.
Data & Discussion
The data, sourced from Bilello.blog, provides a comprehensive overview of annual returns for various asset classes between 2020 and 2024.
ETF
Asset Class
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
GLD
Gold
24.8%
-4.2%
-0.8%
12.7%
26.7%
EFA
EAFE Stocks
7.6%
11.5%
-14.4%
18.4%
3.5%
N/A
Bitcoin ($BTC)
301%
66%
-65%
156%
121%
VWO
EM Stocks
15.2%
1.3%
-18%
9.3%
10.6%
EMB
EM Bonds (USD)
5.5%
-2.2%
-18.6%
10.6%
5.5%
HYG
High Yield Bonds
4.5%
3.8%
-11%
11.5%
8%
BND
US Total Bond Market
7.7%
-1.9%
-13.1%
5.7%
1.4%
BIL
US Cash
0.4%
0.1%
1.4%
4.9%
5.2%
LQD
Investment Grade Bonds
11%
-1.8%
-17.9%
4.9%
0.9%
QQQ
US Nasdaq 100
48.6%
27.4%
-32.6%
54.9%
25.6%
DBC
Commodities
-7.8%
41.4%
19.3%
-6.2%
2.2%
SPY
US Large Caps
18.4%
28.7%
-18.2%
26.2%
24.9%
VNQ
US REITs
-4.7%
40.5%
-26.2%
11.8%
4.8%
TLT
Long Duration Treasuries
18.2%
-4.6%
-31.2%
2.8%
-8.1%
Bitcoin’s Volatility and Growth
Bitcoin experienced a remarkable surge of 301% in 2020, driven by rising investor interest in cryptocurrencies. Despite a significant drop of 65% in 2022, it rebounded with gains of 156% in 2023 and 121% in 2024, showcasing its unprecedented volatility and return potential.
Gold’s Resilience Amid Uncertainty
Gold demonstrated resilience, particularly in 2024, with a 26.7% increase, as investors sought safe-haven assets amid falling interest rates and geopolitical tensions. Its performance highlights gold’s traditional role as a store of value during periods of economic instability and market volatility.
U.S. Equities
US equities, represented by the S&P 500 (SPY), showed strong performance in 2021 and 2023, with gains of 28.7% and 26.2% respectively. However, 2022 saw a significant decline of 18.2%, setting a record for the biggest annual drop since 2008.
2025 has been another rocky year so far due to escalating tariff threats. When focusing on the first 73 trading days of a year, 2025 is the S&P 500’s fifth worst year in history.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out this visual breakdown of global market capitalization on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Ranked: The 50 Richest Countries by GDP Per Capita in 2025
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Ranked: The 50 Richest Countries by GDP Per Capita in 2025
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Luxembourg is the richest country in the world by GDP per capita, $141K in 2025.
The U.S. is the richest country ($89K) with a population of more than 10 million.
The top four ranks are countries known as offshore wealth centers.
A number of oil-rich, small nations are also present on this list.
GDP per capita is a rough proxy for a country’s average living standards. A higher GDP per capita usually reflects more economic resources available per person, a signal for prosperity.
However, like all statistical measures there are caveats: it doesn’t account for income distribution, quality of life metrics, or how sustainable the economy is.
Nevertheless, it is a standard that can be applied to make useful comparisons, while keeping these caveats in mind.
So, what are the “richest” countries in the world? We rank the top 50 countries by GDP per capita in 2025 using figures from the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
All values are in current USD, which means: it is not adjusted for currency rates, cost of living metrics, or inflation.
Ranked: The Richest Countries in the World in 2025
Luxembourg is the richest country in the world by GDP per capita, $140,941 in 2025.
The U.S. is the richest country ($89,105) with a population of more than 10 million.
RankCountry/ RegionISO CodeGDP Per Capita
1 LuxembourgLUX$140,941
2 IrelandIRL$108,919
3 SwitzerlandCHE$104,896
4 SingaporeSGP$92,932
5 IcelandISL$90,284
6 NorwayNOR$89,694
7 U.S.USA$89,105
8 Macao SARMAC$76,314
9 DenmarkDNK$74,969
10 QatarQAT$71,653
11 NetherlandsNLD$70,480
12 AustraliaAUS$64,547
13 San MarinoSMR$59,603
14 AustriaAUT$58,192
15 SwedenSWE$58,100
16 BelgiumBEL$57,772
17 IsraelISR$57,760
18 Hong Kong SARHKG$56,031
19 GermanyDEU$55,911
20 United KingdomGBR$54,949
21 FinlandFIN$54,163
22 CanadaCAN$53,558
23 UAEARE$49,498
24 FranceFRA$46,792
25 New ZealandNZL$46,126
26 MaltaMLT$45,735
27 AndorraAND$45,263
28 CyprusCYP$41,132
29 ItalyITA$41,091
30 Puerto RicoPRI$38,605
31 ArubaABW$37,775
32 BahamasBHS$36,784
33 SpainESP$36,192
34 SloveniaSVN$35,332
35 Brunei DarussalamBRN$34,970
36 South KoreaKOR$34,642
37 TaiwanTWN$34,426
38 JapanJPN$33,956
39 Czech RepublicCZE$33,039
40 EstoniaEST$32,760
41 GuyanaGUY$32,326
42 LithuaniaLTU$30,835
43 Saudi ArabiaSAU$30,099
44 PortugalPRT$30,002
45 KuwaitKWT$29,951
46 BahrainBHR$28,857
47 Slovak RepublicSVK$27,130
48 PolandPOL$26,805
49 BarbadosBRB$25,901
50 GreeceGRC$25,756
51 CroatiaHRV$25,674
52 HungaryHUN$24,809
53 LatviaLVA$24,374
54 UruguayURY$22,693
55 Antigua
& BarbudaATG$22,630
56 Saint Kitts
& NevisKNA$21,911
57 SeychellesSYC$21,633
58 RomaniaROU$21,421
59 PanamaPAN$20,080
60 Costa RicaCRI$19,095
61 PalauPLW$18,993
62 OmanOMN$18,966
63 BulgariaBGR$18,522
64 Trinidad
& TobagoTTO$18,445
65 MaldivesMDV$18,207
66 ChileCHL$17,015
67 TürkiyeTUR$16,709
68 KazakhstanKAZ$14,768
69 Saint LuciaLCA$14,499
70 ArgentinaARG$14,362
71 RussiaRUS$14,258
72 SerbiaSRB$14,174
73 ChinaCHN$13,687
74 MontenegroMNE$13,508
75 TurkmenistanTKM$13,337
76 MalaysiaMYS$13,145
77 NauruNRU$12,727
78 MexicoMEX$12,692
79 GrenadaGRD$12,591
80 MauritiusMUS$12,332
81 Dominican RepublicDOM$11,743
82 Saint Vincent
& the GrenadinesVCT$11,162
83 AlbaniaALB$10,527
84 BrazilBRA$9,964
85 North MacedoniaMKD$9,882
86 DominicaDMA$9,869
87 GeorgiaGEO$9,571
88 ArmeniaARM$8,857
89 GabonGAB$8,842
90 PeruPER$8,814
91 BelizeBLZ$8,648
92 Bosnia and HerzegovinaBIH$8,362
93 MoldovaMDA$8,260
94 Marshall IslandsMHL$8,133
95 ColombiaCOL$8,054
96 BelarusBLR$7,875
97 JamaicaJAM$7,778
98 ThailandTHA$7,767
99 Equatorial GuineaGNQ$7,750
100 AzerbaijanAZE$7,604
101 MongoliaMNG$7,201
102 KosovoXKX$7,147
103 BotswanaBWA$7,021
104 EcuadorECU$6,942
105 SurinameSUR$6,858
106 LibyaLBY$6,801
107 FijiFJI$6,740
108 GuatemalaGTM$6,698
109 TuvaluTUV$6,543
110 ParaguayPRY$6,522
111 South AfricaZAF$6,397
112 UkraineUKR$6,261
113 El SalvadorSLV$5,722
114 TongaTON$5,721
115 AlgeriaDZA$5,691
116 IraqIRQ$5,668
117 SamoaWSM$5,471
118 Cabo VerdeCPV$5,421
119 MicronesiaFSM$5,291
120 IndonesiaIDN$5,027
121 JordanJOR$4,903
122 VietnamVNM$4,806
123 NamibiaNAM$4,661
124 EswatiniSWZ$4,613
125 TunisiaTUN$4,528
126 BoliviaBOL$4,525
127 MoroccoMAR$4,397
128 PhilippinesPHL$4,350
129 DjiboutiDJI$4,343
130 BhutanBTN$4,302
131 VenezuelaVEN$4,068
132 IranIRN$3,897
133 São Tomé & PríncipeSTP$3,569
134 VanuatuVUT$3,548
135 HondurasHND$3,519
136 UzbekistanUZB$3,514
137 EgyptEGY$3,174
138 NicaraguaNIC$3,019
139 AngolaAGO$2,884
140 IndiaIND$2,878
141 Côte d'IvoireCIV$2,872
142 CambodiaKHM$2,870
143 Kyrgyz RepublicKGZ$2,747
144 BangladeshBGD$2,689
145 HaitiHTI$2,672
146 Papua New
GuineaPNG$2,565
147 GhanaGHA$2,519
148 MauritaniaMRT$2,478
149 KenyaKEN$2,468
150 KiribatiKIR$2,414
151 Solomon IslandsSLB$2,379
152 CongoCOG$2,356
153 ZimbabweZWE$2,199
154 LaosLAO$2,096
155 GuineaGIN$1,904
156 CameroonCMR$1,865
157 SenegalSEN$1,811
158 ComorosCOM$1,702
159 BeninBEN$1,532
160 Timor-LesteTLS$1,491
161 NepalNPL$1,458
162 TajikistanTJK$1,432
163 UgandaUGA$1,338
164 ZambiaZMB$1,332
165 TanzaniaTZA$1,280
166 MyanmarMMR$1,177
167 Guinea-BissauGNB$1,126
168 Burkina FasoBFA$1,107
169 LesothoLSO$1,098
170 EthiopiaETH$1,066
171 TogoTGO$1,053
172 RwandaRWA$1,043
173 ChadTCD$991
174 GambiaGMB$988
175 MaliMLI$936
176 Sierra LeoneSLE$916
177 LiberiaLBR$908
178 NigeriaNGA$807
179 SomaliaSOM$766
180 NigerNER$751
181 DRCCOD$743
182 MozambiqueMOZ$663
183 SudanSDN$625
184 MadagascarMDG$595
185 MalawiMWI$580
186 Central
African RepublicCAF$532
187 BurundiBDI$490
188 YemenYEM$417
189 South SudanSSD$251
N/A AfghanistanAFGNo Data
N/A EritreaERINo Data
N/A LebanonLBNNo Data
N/A PakistanPAKNo Data
N/A Sri LankaLKANo Data
N/A SyriaSYRNo Data
N/A PalestinePSENo Data
N/A WorldN/A$14,213
Note: Data is missing for: Afghanistan, Eritrea, Lebanon, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Syria, Palestine. Figures for several overseas territories are also not included.
Noticeably, many of the top spots are held by small countries with specialized financial services sectors, also known offshore financial centers.
Luxembourg (#1), Ireland (#2), Switzerland (#3), Singapore (#4), Netherlands (#11) and Hong Kong (#18) are all considered tax havens as their friendly tax laws, strict privacy rules, and strong financial sectors encourage multinational corporations to route earnings through them.
As a result, this improves their GDP a significant amount, but doesn’t reflect the resident populations productivity.
In Ireland’s case, these flows distorted GDP values so much that the government discontinued its use as a reliable statistic, preferring to measure and compare gross national income (GNI) instead.
Oil Wealth a Major Factor
Energy-rich countries also dominate the rankings. Qatar (#10), UAE (#23), and Saudi Arabia (#43) rank high due to oil exports fueling government spending and infrastructure.
Norway (#6), with a large sovereign wealth fund, is Europe’s prime example of oil wealth being reinvested.
Guyana, a newcomer at #41, has rapidly climbed the ranks following major offshore oil discoveries and production growth.
America’s Scale and Wealth
Finally, while the U.S. ranks #7 in GDP per capita, it stands out for its scale. It’s the richest country in the world by GDP per capita with a population over 10 million, highlighting its economic might.
Other populous countries, like Germany, Japan, the UK, and France all fall lower in per capita terms, despite large total economies.
High-tech industries, consumer spending, and capital markets contribute to America’s wealth profile.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
Want a closer look at the American economy? Check out: America’s $19 Trillion Consumption Sector in one chart, to see where Americans spend their dollars.
Exclusive: Get the Visual Guide to Markets This Month With VC+
Every week at VC+, we release a Special Dispatch, giving members a visual deep dive into the trending topics that matter. This week, we offer an exclusive visual guide to the Markets this Month—including :
The biggest stock drawdowns of today’s top-performing companies
Which sectors are dominating foreign direct investment
Who’s investing the most in the U.S.—and how that’s shifting
And much more inside.
This Special Dispatch is exclusive to VC+ members but you can access the full breakdown by joining VC+ today. For now, read on for a sneak preview.
Preview: The Biggest Stock Drawdowns of Today’s Winners
Even the best-performing stocks in recent decades have faced massive declines. This chart shows how every top stock—like Apple and Nike—has weathered 50%+ drops in the past.
Preview: The Top Sectors for Global FDI
Where is investment flowing? Renewable energy continues to lead global FDI by sector—but it’s not the only hotspot attracting massive capital in 2025.
Preview: Who Invests Most in the U.S.?
FDI into the U.S. hit $311 billion in 2023. This visual shows which countries are leading the charge—and how investment strategies are shifting under new trade pressures.
To see the above charts in their full glory, and much more, join VC+ and unlock a whole host of members only benefits.
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Ranked: The Best College Degrees for Finding a Job in the U.S.
See this visualization first on the Voronoi app.
Ranked: The Best College Degrees for Finding a Job
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Nutrition Sciences is the best college degree for finding a job
Aerospace Engineering combines a relatively low unemployment rate with a high median salary
Which college degrees are the best for finding a job?
This graphic uses recent data compiled by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York to examine the careers that offer the best prospect and their respective median salaries.
Scarcity Meets Earning Potential
Nutrition Sciences tops the list, with only 0.4% unemployment rate. Graduates can expect a median salary of $75,000 by age 35-45.
Construction Services and Animal & Plant Sciences follow, also with low unemployment rate (0.7% and 1.0%, respectively), but diverge significantly in earnings—$100,000 versus $70,000 per year.
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics-related degrees (STEM) tend to yield high returns.
Aerospace Engineering, for example, ranks eighth in unemployment rate but first in compensation within this list at $125K. Similarly, Mechanical, Electrical, and Chemical Engineering all boast six-figure salaries while having unemployment rates between 1.5–2.2%.
RankField of StudyUnemployment Rate (%)Median Salary
1Nutrition Sciences0.4%$75K
2Construction Services0.7%$100K
3Animal & Plant Sciences1.0%$70K
4Civil Engineering1.0%$100K
5Special Education1.0%$55K
6Agriculture1.2%$75K
7Early Education1.3%$49K
8Aerospace Engineering1.4%$125K
9Nursing1.4%$84K
10Earth Sciences1.5%$88K
11Mechanical Engineering1.5%$115K
12Social Services1.7%$54K
13Elementary Education1.8%$53K
14Accounting1.9%$88K
15Engineering Technologies1.9%$100K
16Chemical Engineering2.0%$120K
17Electrical Engineering2.2%$120K
18Health Services2.2%$65K
19Business Analytics2.4%$100K
20General Engineering2.4%$100K
21Miscellaneous Education2.5%$60K
22Environmental Studies2.6%$75K
23Ethnic Studies2.6%$83K
Education-related fields like Early Childhood Education (1.3%, $49,000) and Special Education (1.0%, $55,000) show lower median earnings despite low unemployment rate, highlighting the income disparity across academic disciplines.
Fields like Business Analytics and General Engineering have 2.4% unemployment rate, with both yielding strong salaries of $100,000.
Meanwhile, areas such as Ethnic Studies and Environmental Studies offer moderate pay ($83,000 and $75,000, respectively) with 2.6% unemployment rate.
These Are the Worst Degrees for Finding a Job
In a previous graphic, we listed the worst degrees for finding a job. At the top of the list is anthropology, with an unemployment rate of 9.4%, the highest rate analyzed.
Fine arts and sociology follow closely, with unemployment rates of 7.0% and 6.7%, respectively. These degrees tend to offer mid-career salaries around $70,000, placing them on the lower end of the earnings spectrum.
Interestingly, some of the highest-paying degrees also have relatively high unemployment rates.
For instance, computer engineering majors earn a median of $122,000 mid-career, but face a 7.5% unemployment rate. Physics ($100,000) and computer science ($115,000) also show above-average jobless rates, at 7.8% and 6.1%, respectively.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out the Highest Paying College Majors on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Charted: Getting to Know the STOXX Europe 600
Published 9 hours ago on June 12, 2025
By Julia Wendling
Graphics & Design
Lebon Siu
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The following content is sponsored by STOXX
Charted: Getting to Know the STOXX Europe 600
Europe is an economic powerhouse, encompassing nearly $40 trillion in GDP and 750 million people.
This visualization, created in partnership with STOXX, provides visual context to its European large-cap benchmark, an index that serves as a key benchmark for European equities.
Powerhouses: Europe’s Largest Companies by Country
The STOXX Europe 600 is a stock market index that tracks 600 of the largest companies across 17 European countries. Which companies take the top spot by country?
The top three biggest players are Germany’s SAP (free-float market capitalization: $251.8 billion), Switzerland’s Nestle ($248.0 billion), and the Netherlands’ ASML Holdings ($246.4 billion)—a leading semiconductor company.
CountryCompanyFree-Float Market Capitalization (€ billions)
GermanySAP251.8
SwitzerlandNestlé248.0
NetherlandsASML Holding246.4
United KingdomAstraZeneca211.7
DenmarkNovo Nordisk B202.6
FranceLVMH Moët Hennessy149.7
SpainBanco Santander95.7
ItalyUniCredit82.9
BelgiumAnheuser-Busch InBev59.2
SwedenInvestor B51.3
FinlandNordea Bank39.8
NorwayEquinor22.3
AustriaErste Group Bank19.8
IrelandKerry Group15.9
PolandPKO Bank15.7
LuxembourgArcelorMittal11.5
PortugalEDP Energias de Portugal8.2
The UK’s AstraZeneca ($211.7 billion) and Denmark’s Novo Nordisk ($202.6 billion)—two heavyweights in the pharmaceutical space—take up the next spots.
On Sale: Favorable Valuations
Investors commonly use forward price-to-earnings (P/E) ratios to measure stock or index valuations. The ratio compares a company’s current stock price to its expected earnings per share over the next year. A lower forward P/E ratio indicates a less expensive market valuation.
IndexForward P/E ratio
STOXX Europe 60014.1
STOXX USA 50021.7
STOXX Asia/Pacific 60014.8
The STOXX Europe 600 has a P/E ratio below its peers. Its P/E ratio sits at 14.1 versus 21.7 for the U.S. and 14.8 for Asia-Pacific.
Defensive Tilt: Sector Weightings
Another key difference between the STOXX Europe 600 and its U.S. and Asia-Pac counterparts is its defensive sector tilt. This positioning helps the index deliver steadier performance during periods of economic uncertainty and slowdowns.
SectorSTOXX Europe 600STOXX USA 500STOXX Asia/Pacific 600
Financials22.6%11.2%22.1%
Industrials18.1%12.5%20.1%
Health Care14.3%10.8%6.9%
Consumer Discretionary10.2%14.8%18.6%
Consumer Staples8.9%4.6%5.1%
Technology8.1%33.9%7.4%
Energy5.5%3.8%1.4%
Basic Materials4.1%1.4%6.3%
Utilities4.0%2.7%2.2%
Telecommunications3.0%2.3%5.4%
Real Estate1.3%2.2%4.7%
The STOXX Europe 600 has higher weighting of healthcare (14.3% versus 10.8% for the U.S. and 6.9% for Asia-Pac), consumer staples (8.9% versus 4.6% and 5.1%), and utilities (4.0% versus 2.7% and 2.2%).
Learn More About the STOXX Europe 600
The STOXX Europe 600 is the defining benchmark for European equities. And, beyond the headline index, there are several other indices in the STOXX Europe 600 constellation investors can consider, including ones that focus on banks, ESG leaders, small-caps, and blue chips.
Find Out More About the STOXX Europe 600
Related Topics: #germany #stoxx europe 600 #STOXX #defensive sectors #denmark #valuations #uk #investments #switzerland
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Charted: The Cost to Make 100 T-Shirts by Origin Country
See this visualization first on the Voronoi app.
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Charted: The Cost to Make 100 T-Shirts by Origin Country
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Bangladesh is the most cost-effective country for t-shirt manufacturing, at just $8.55 per shirt including shipping.
Manufacturing in the U.S. results in the highest total cost: $1,750 for 100 shirts, or $17.50 per unit.
How much does it cost to manufacture and ship 100 t-shirts from different global production hubs?
This visualization breaks down the combined manufacturing and shipping costs from five major textile-producing countries, with all goods destined for the U.S. market. Data is based on price quotes collected in April 2025 from 50 manufacturers, as reported by Successful Fashion Designer.
Comparing Global T-Shirt Production Costs
On average, sampling and manufacturing costs in Asian countries like China, Bangladesh, Vietnam, and Pakistan are 2–5 times cheaper compared to the USA.
Bangladesh offers the most affordable option, with a bulk order cost of $540 and shipping at $315, totaling $855—or $8.55 per shirt. Pakistan follows closely at $11 per unit.
Alongside Pakistan and Cambodia, Bangladesh is a major producer of textile products sold to the U.S. and Europe. The textile industry generates over $9 billion annually for the Bangladeshi economy, making it the country’s top source of export revenue.
Vietnam and China are in the mid-range.
LocationBulk Order FeeShipping to U.S.Total costCost per Shirt
New Jersey, USA$1,650$100$1,750$17.50
Guangdong, China$910$404$1,314$13.14
Dhaka, Bangladesh$540$315$855$8.55
Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam$635$513$1,148$11.48
Sialkot, Pakistan$735$365$1,100$11.00
While Ho Chi Minh’s manufacturing fee is lower than Guangdong’s ($635 vs. $910), its higher shipping costs ($513 vs. $404) push Vietnam’s total cost to $1,148, compared to China’s $1,314. Both fall below the U.S. in overall cost but remain notably higher than Bangladesh or Pakistan.
New Jersey stands as the most expensive location. While domestic shipping is only $100, the bulk order fee of $1,650 drives the total to $1,750, or $17.50 per shirt, double the cost of producing in Bangladesh.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out this graphic showing the decline of U.S. manufacturing, by sector.
Visualizing the World’s Top 50 Private Equity Firms in 2025
See this visualization first on the Voronoi app.
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Visualizing the World’s Top 50 Private Equity Firms in 2025
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
New York-based KKR takes top spot in the PEI 300 rankings by Private Equity International, raising $117.9 billion over the past five years.
Following next in line is mega-fund EQT, the largest private equity (PE) firm in Europe.
Falling to third place is Blackstone, which recently invested $300 million into AI platform DDN, whose customers include Elon Musk’s xAI.
In the last five years, the top 300 private equity (PE) firms raised $3.3 trillion—up just 0.4% from last year’s total.
Overall, PE fundraising has slumped in recent years, with many expecting the trend to continue in 2025. At the same time, the industry is getting increasingly divided—with the six largest players raising 60% of total funds in the first nine months of 2024.
This graphic shows the top 50 PE firms globally, based on data from Private Equity International.
Ranked: The Global Leaders in Private Equity
Below, we show the biggest PE firms by capital raised between 2020 and 2024:
RankingNameCityCapital Raised 2020-2024 (B)
1KKRNew York$117.9
2EQTStockholm$113.3
3BlackstoneNew York$95.7
4Thoma BravoChicago$88.2
5TPGSan Francisco$72.6
6CVC Capital PartnersLuxembourg$72.5
7HgLondon$72.5
8Hellman & FriedmanSan Francisco$50.2
9Clayton, Dubilier & RiceNew York$49.8
10Insight PartnersNew York$48.2
11Silver LakeMenlo Park$47.1
12Clearlake Capital GroupSanta Monica$45.2
13General AtlanticNew York$44.7
14Goldman Sachs Asset ManagementNew York$42.6
15Bain CapitalBoston$40.5
16Advent InternationalBoston$38.2
17The Carlyle GroupWashington DC$36.4
18Warburg PincusNew York$34.2
19Andreessen HorowitzMenlo Park$34.2
20Vista Equity PartnersAustin$31.9
21Apollo Global ManagementNew York$31.3
22Neuberger Berman Private MarketsNew York$31.3
23TA AssociatesBoston$30.5
24GTCRChicago$30.2
25Veritas CapitalNew York$29.7
26BridgepointLondon$29.3
27New Mountain CapitalNew York$28.5
28Partners GroupBaar$27.3
29CinvenLondon$27.2
30Apax PartnersLondon$27.2
31Stone Point CapitalGreenwich$27.2
32Nordic CapitalSt Helier$26.6
33Leonard Green & PartnersLos Angeles$26.2
34Francisco PartnersSan Francisco$25.8
35Tiger Global ManagementNew York$25.7
36Blue Owl CapitalNew York$25.7
37Brookfield Asset ManagementToronto$25.4
38Genstar CapitalSan Francisco$25.3
39Permira AdvisersLondon$23.8
40BDT & MSD PartnersChicago$23.1
41Summit PartnersBoston$22.2
42ArdianParis$21.7
43Platinum EquityBeverly Hills$21.5
44China Merchants CapitalShenzhen$20.1
45Hillhouse Capital GroupHong Kong$19.9
46PSGBoston$19.3
47L CattertonGreenwich$19.1
48HarbourVest PartnersBoston$17.8
49The Jordan CompanyNew York$17.2
50ICONIQ CapitalSan Francisco$16.7
With $117.9 billion raised, PE giant KKR leads the rankings, driven by its focus on opportunities in North America and Asia.
Most recently, the firm acquired a 12% stake in medical supply company Henry Schein, while working with the company to consider an employee-ownership model. With 284 portfolio companies, KKR manages $620 billion in assets overall.
Ranking in second is Swedish buyout firm EQT, raising $113.3 billion in the past five years. In 2024, fund exits surged by 72% in a record-breaking year. With IPOs covering skincare firm Golderma to exits for data center provider EdgeConneX, EQT saw the highest fund exits globally.
Meanwhile, Blackstone, one of the largest owners of commercial property worldwide, fell from first to third place with $95.7 billion in capital raised.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To learn more about this topic from a geographical perspective, check out this graphic on the top PE firms by country.
Ranked: U.S. States Ordered by Changes in Property Crime Rates Since 1991
See this visualization first on the Voronoi app.
U.S. States Ordered by Changes in Property Crime Rates Since 1991
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Florida saw the largest drop in property crime rates since 1991, with a decline of nearly 79%.
Every U.S. state experienced a decrease in property crime over the past three decades.
North Dakota saw the smallest reduction in property crime, falling by just 26.9%.
Property crime in the United States has seen a long-term decline, and the trend is evident across all 50 states and Washington, D.C.
According to USAFacts, property crime—which includes burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft—has dropped significantly since its peak in the early 1990s.
Here’s how property crime rates have changed across U.S. states since 1991.
RankStateProperty crime rate change since 1991
1Florida-78.7%
2Massachusetts-76.7%
3Idaho-76.3%
4Rhode Island-71.9%
5Michigan-71.2%
6Georgia-70.6%
7New Jersey-70.5%
8New Hampshire-69.6%
9Arizona-69.4%
10Connecticut-69.0%
11Maryland-68.9%
12Illinois-67.0%
13Texas-67.0%
14Wisconsin-66.9%
15Maine-66.6%
16New York-66.1%
17Iowa-65.2%
18Alaska-64.8%
19Utah-64.4%
20Indiana-64.2%
21US average-62.0%
22Delaware-61.9%
23Alabama-61.5%
24North Carolina-60.5%
25Kansas-60.4%
26Ohio-60.1%
27Virginia-60.0%
28Wyoming-59.9%
29California-58.8%
30Nevada-57.7%
31Hawaii-57.5%
32District of Columbia-57.2%
33Vermont-56.5%
34South Carolina-55.7%
35Mississippi-54.4%
36Oklahoma-54.1%
37Nebraska-53.0%
38Minnesota-52.9%
39Pennsylvania-52.3%
40Kentucky-50.4%
41Tennessee-50.4%
42West Virginia-50.2%
43Louisiana-49.8%
44Missouri-49.7%
45New Mexico-48.9%
46Arkansas-46.5%
47Montana-45.3%
48Oregon-44.1%
49Colorado-42.9%
50Washington-41.9%
51South Dakota-40.0%
52North Dakota-26.9%
The data reveals that Florida (-78.7%), Massachusetts (-76.7%), and Idaho (-76.3%) have led the nation in reducing property crime. On the other end of the spectrum, North Dakota’s property crime rate dropped just 26.9%, the smallest decrease among all states.
What’s Behind the Recent Uptick in Property Crime?
Property crime in the U.S. fell by 61% between 1979 and 2022. While both property and violent crimes have followed this downward trajectory, property crime showed a more dramatic decline—especially from 1991 onward.
Interestingly, despite the decades-long decline, 2022 marked a slight reversal. National property crime rose by 6.7%, largely due to a 10.5% spike in motor vehicle thefts and a 7.4% rise in larceny. Even so, 23 states and Washington, DC, still saw year-over-year decreases that year.
Washington, D.C. had the sharpest drop of 13.9% in 2022, followed by Iowa at 11.7%. In contrast, New York experienced the sharpest increase in property crime, jumping by 64.3% in the same period.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
Curious how the underground economy affects nations worldwide? Explore our companion visualization: Visualizing the World’s Shadow Economies, which shows the size of informal economies as a percent of GDP.
The Investor Dilemma: The Case for Expert Guidance
Published 3 hours ago on June 11, 2025
By Julia Wendling
Article & Editing
Ryan Bellefontaine
Graphics & Design
Jennifer West
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The following content is sponsored by Fidelity
The Investor Dilemma: The Case for Expert Guidance
Even the most capable individuals don’t do it alone when the stakes are high. Whether it’s sports, scuba diving, or legal decisions, we often turn to professionals to improve outcomes—and the same principle applies to an investor managing money.
This graphic, sponsored by Fidelity, shows why partnering with a financial advisor can provide clarity, confidence, and a more strategic path to achieving your goals.
Coaches Help Us Win—So Do Advisors
Think of your finances like an athletic pursuit. Without a coach, progress may be slow, injuries more likely, and potential unrealized. A coach brings structure, expertise, and motivation—turning average into exceptional.
A financial advisor plays the same role for the investor: helping you set realistic targets, avoid costly mistakes, and maximize your progress toward goals like retirement or saving for a house.
Guidance Makes Risky Journeys Safer
Scuba diving is thrilling—but without proper instruction, it’s dangerous. Similarly, investing opens up a world of opportunity, but you may miss key risks and rewards without guidance.
Working with an advisor is like having a seasoned dive instructor: they provide the tools, knowledge, and foresight to help you navigate turbulent markets while uncovering hidden financial opportunities.
Clarity and Confidence in Complex Investor Decisions
Professionals best handle legal matters—and your financial future deserves the same level of care. Instead of second-guessing each financial move, you gain peace of mind knowing a trusted expert guides your strategy.
Learn more about how working with an advisor can help you meet your financial goals.
Related Topics: #financial advice #fidelity #financial advisor #investors #investments #wealth
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Ranked: U.S. International Students by Country
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Ranked: America’s Top Sources of International Students
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
China and India accounted for more than half of total international student intake during the 2023/24 year
Overall, the U.S. welcomed 1,126,690 students from over 210 different countries
Despite travel bans by the current U.S. administration, international education remains a cornerstone of the U.S. academic landscape. In the 2023/24 academic year, over 1.1 million international students enrolled in U.S. institutions.
In this infographic, we break down where these students come from, ranking the top source countries.
Data & Discussion
The data for this visualization comes from Open Doors. It highlights U.S. international students by country, showing both numeric totals and their percentage shares of the overall intake.
CountryNumber of Students
(2023/2024 Year)Percentage
India331,60229.4%
China277,39824.6%
South Korea43,1493.8%
Canada28,9982.6%
Taiwan23,1442.1%
Vietnam22,0662.0%
Nigeria21,9752.0%
Bangladesh17,0991.5%
Brazil16,8771.5%
Nepal16,7421.5%
Mexico15,9941.4%
Saudi Arabia14,8291.3%
Japan13,5981.2%
Iran12,4901.1%
Pakistan11,1331.0%
UK10,4730.9%
Colombia10,4200.9%
Ghana9,3940.8%
Germany9,2300.8%
Türkiye8,9720.8%
Spain8,8420.8%
France8,5430.8%
Indonesia8,1450.7%
Italy6,3450.6%
Hong Kong5,6270.5%
Other175,62415.6%
Total1,126,690100.0%
India Surpasses China as the Top Source
India sent over 331,000 students to the U.S. last year, surpassing China’s 277,000. This shift reflects a growing trend seen over the past few years as Chinese enrollments have declined.
As The New York Times reports, expanding middle-class ambitions have helped India take the lead, though the recent halt on visa interviews is throwing things into disarray. The U.S. also happens to have the largest Indian immigrant population in the world.
Smaller Countries See Growth
While giants like India and China dominate, countries like Bangladesh, Nepal, and Nigeria have quietly grown their presence.
According to the 2023/24 Open Doors report, Bangladesh and Nepal both reached all-time highs, while Nigerian enrollment grew by 13.5% year-over-year.
Declines in South Korean Enrollment
Some countries are sending fewer students. South Korea, while still the third largest source, sent 43,149 students in 2023/24, down from 73,351 in 2010/11.
One reason could be South Korea’s declining fertility rate, which results in fewer young people enrolling in higher education both domestically and abroad.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out America’s Top Universities in 2024 on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Mapped: Annual Retirement Costs by State
See this visualization first on the Voronoi app.
Use This Visualization
Mapped: Annual Retirement Costs by State
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Hawaii is the most expensive state to retire comfortably in, requiring nearly $130K per year
That’s more than double of the cheapest states, which include West Virginia ($58K annually) and Oklahoma ($60K annually)
Retirement costs can vary dramatically depending on where you live in the United States.
While some states offer an affordable path to a comfortable retirement, others demand six-figure annual budgets. This infographic maps the annual cost of retirement across all 50 U.S. states, revealing the most and least expensive places for retirees.
Data and Methodology
The data for this visualization comes from GOBankingRates.
They analyzed the following expenditures of Americans aged 65 and older, based on data sourced from the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ (BLS) most recent Consumer Expenditure Survey release for the full year of 2023:
Annual spending on groceries, defined as “food at home”
Annual spending on housing, defined as “shelter”
Annual spending on transportation, defined as “gasoline, other fuels and motor oil” AND “other vehicle expenses”
Annual spending on healthcare
Annual spending on utilities, defined as “utilities, fuels, and public services”
Overall average annual expenditures
Spending estimates were adjusted to the state level by multiplying each cost category by its corresponding cost of living index score in each state, sourced from the Missouri Economic Research and Information Center’s 2024 Q2 cost of living index data.
After calculating total consumption expenditures, an additional (7) savings buffer was calculated by assuming that total expenditures consume 80% of ones budget (50% for necessities and 30% for discretionary spending), with 20% left over for savings.
GOBankingRates then combined factors (6) and (7) and factored it out by 20 (assuming 20 years of retirement) to give (8) retirement savings needed to live comfortably. All data was collected on and up to date as of Oct. 1, 2024.
StateTotal Expenditures20% Comfort
BufferAnnual Retirement
Cost
West Virginia$48,492$9,698$58,190
Oklahoma$49,996$9,999$59,995
Kansas$50,517$10,103$60,620
Alabama$50,980$10,196$61,176
Mississippi$51,096$10,219$61,315
Arkansas$51,211$10,242$61,454
Missouri$51,211$10,242$61,454
Iowa$52,137$10,427$62,565
Indiana$52,253$10,451$62,704
Tennessee$52,253$10,451$62,704
Georgia$52,832$10,566$63,398
Michigan$53,121$10,624$63,745
Louisiana$53,295$10,659$63,954
Texas$53,468$10,694$64,162
Kentucky$53,584$10,717$64,301
North Dakota$53,700$10,740$64,440
Illinois$53,989$10,798$64,787
Nebraska$54,047$10,809$64,856
South Dakota$54,047$10,809$64,856
New Mexico$54,163$10,833$64,995
Ohio$54,394$10,879$65,273
Montana$54,741$10,948$65,689
Minnesota$54,857$10,971$65,828
Wyoming$55,031$11,006$66,037
Pennsylvania$55,320$11,064$66,384
Wisconsin$56,130$11,226$67,356
South Carolina$56,477$11,295$67,773
North Carolina$56,998$11,400$68,398
Delaware$58,387$11,677$70,064
Idaho$58,503$11,701$70,203
Virginia$58,618$11,724$70,342
Colorado$58,908$11,782$70,689
Nevada$59,428$11,886$71,314
Utah$59,544$11,909$71,453
Florida$59,660$11,932$71,592
Arizona$63,942$12,788$76,730
Maine$64,405$12,881$77,286
Connecticut$65,504$13,101$78,605
Rhode Island$65,620$13,124$78,744
New Hampshire$65,736$13,147$78,883
New Jersey$65,794$13,159$78,952
Oregon$66,025$13,205$79,230
Vermont$66,372$13,274$79,647
Washington$66,604$13,321$79,925
Maryland$67,240$13,448$80,688
New York$71,233$14,247$85,480
Alaska$72,390$14,478$86,868
Massachusetts$83,501$16,700$100,201
California$83,906$16,781$100,687
Hawaii$107,746$21,549$129,296
Hawaii Tops the List
Hawaii ranks as the most expensive state to retire, with average annual expenditures reaching $129,296. This high cost is largely driven by steep prices for housing, groceries, and healthcare.
According to U.S. News & World Report, Hawaii consistently ranks near the top for quality of life—but retirees must be prepared for a financial commitment nearly double that of more affordable states.
Affordable Living in the Midwest and South
Retirees on a budget often find the best value in West Virginia, Oklahoma, and Kansas, where average annual retirement costs remain around $50,000 annually.
These states benefit from significantly lower housing prices, modest property taxes, and minimal day-to-day expenses.
High Costs in the Northeast and West Coast
Retiring in Massachusetts, California, and New York comes at a premium—residents in these states will spend over $70,000 per year to maintain a comfortable lifestyle. In a similar analysis by GOBankingRates, this could work out to around $1.3 to $1.6 million in total savings needed.
These states combine high housing costs, elevated healthcare expenses, and often steeper taxes. In fact, New York has the highest tax burden of any state.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
Want to retire outside of the U.S.? Check out The Best Countries to Retire In on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Charted: The U.S. Fertility Rate is at All-Time Lows (1909-2023)
See this visualization first on the Voronoi app.
Charted: The U.S. Fertility Rate is at All-Time Lows (1909-2023)
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
The U.S. fertility rate in 2023 was just 54.5 births per 1,000 women, a historic low.
Since peaking in 1957 at 122.9 births per 1,000 women, the rate has been in steady decline.
More women are having children later in life, with women aged 30–34 now showing the highest birth rates.
For over a century, the fertility rate in the United States has reflected sweeping demographic and societal changes. This dataset, visualized by USAFacts using data from the CDC, captures the trend from 1909 through 2023.
YearBirths per 1,000 women (aged 15-44)
1909126.8
1910126.8
1911126.3
1912125.8
1913124.7
1914126.6
1915125.0
1916123.4
1917121.0
1918119.8
1919111.2
1920117.9
1921119.8
1922111.2
1923110.5
1924110.9
1925106.6
1926102.6
192799.8
192893.8
192989.3
193089.2
193184.6
193281.7
193376.3
193478.5
193577.2
193675.8
193777.1
193879.1
193977.6
194079.9
194183.4
194291.5
194394.3
194488.8
194585.9
1946101.9
1947113.3
1948107.3
1949107.1
1950106.2
1951111.5
1952113.9
1953115.2
1954118.1
1955118.3
1956121.2
1957122.9
1958120.2
1959118.8
1960118.0
1961117.1
1962112.0
1963108.3
1964104.7
196596.3
196690.8
196787.2
196885.2
196986.1
197087.9
197181.6
197273.1
197368.8
197467.8
197566.0
197665.0
197766.8
197865.5
197967.2
198068.4
198167.3
198267.3
198365.7
198465.5
198566.3
198665.4
198765.8
198867.3
198969.2
199070.9
199169.3
199268.4
199367.0
199465.9
199564.6
199664.1
199763.6
199864.3
199964.4
200065.9
200165.1
200265.0
200366.1
200466.4
200566.7
200668.6
200769.3
200868.1
200966.2
201064.1
201163.2
201263.0
201362.5
201462.9
201562.5
201662.0
201760.3
201859.1
201958.3
202055.7
202156.3
202256.0
202354.5
The data shows the U.S. general fertility rate peaked in 1957 at 122.9 births per 1,000 women aged 15–44.
By 2023, that rate had fallen to 54.5—less than half the mid-century high. The sharpest declines came post-1960s, but the downward trend continues in the modern era.
Why Are Fertility Rates Falling?
Declining fertility rates are tied to a range of factors: economic pressures, access to contraception, shifts in social norms, delayed marriage and childbirth, and more women pursuing higher education and careers.
This broader trend reflects a transformation in how, when, and if Americans choose to have children.
Births Are Shifting to Older Age Groups
An important dynamic behind this trend is the shifting age profile of new mothers.
As of 2005, women aged 25–29 had the highest birth rates, at 116.5 births per 1,000 women. By 2023, the peak had shifted to the 30–34 age group, which logged 95.1 births per 1,000 women.
Between 2005 and 2023, fertility declined for women under 35, while increasing for those 35 and older. This demographic shift reflects later-life planning and improvements in maternal health options for older women.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
Want to dive deeper? Check out the companion piece showing how fertility rates have changed across all 50 states: Fertility Rates Decreased Nationwide from 2005 to 2022.
How Big is Bitcoin Compared to the World’s Largest Companies?
See this visualization first on the Voronoi app.
How Big is Bitcoin Compared to the World’s Largest Companies?
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Bitcoin has surpassed Tesla and Meta to claim the fifth spot by market cap, now trailing only Nvidia, Microsoft, Apple, and Amazon.
Bitcoin has been fueled by optimism around a Senate stablecoin bill, supported by President Trump, and strong institutional demand.
Bitcoin reached its all-time high of $111,814 in May, marking a significant milestone in its price history.
The infographic above compares Bitcoin’s valuation to the largest publicly-traded companies, highlighting its new position among global titans. The cryptocurrency now sits comfortably in the top five assets by market cap.
The data for this visualization comes from CoinMarketCap and Yahoo Finance. It ranks the largest companies and bitcoin by market capitalization as of June 2025.
Bitcoin Outpaces Alphabet
Bitcoin has overtaken big names like Meta and Tesla and is now valued at $2.1 trillion compared, similar to Alphabet’s valuation.
RankCompany/CryptoMarket Cap (USD)
1Nvidia$3.5T
2Microsoft$3.4T
3Apple$3.0T
4Amazon$2.2T
5Bitcoin$2.1T
6Alphabet$2.1T
7Meta$1.7T
8Broadcom$1.2T
9Tesla$1.1T
10Berkshire Hathaway$1.1T
The rise follows renewed interest from institutions and political momentum behind crypto legislation. President Trump’s backing of a stablecoin bill has been a notable tailwind for digital assets in 2025.
Tech Giants Dominate the Top 10
Tech firms account for eight of the ten largest assets globally, including Microsoft, Apple, Amazon, and Meta. Even Tesla and Broadcom, though smaller, maintain trillion-dollar valuations.
Nvidia is the most valuable company in the world, with a $3.5 trillion market cap. Its dominance reflects the ongoing AI boom and investor enthusiasm around high-performance computing. Currently, Nvidia’s chips are central to nearly all major AI innovations, giving it a crucial edge over competitors.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Mapped: Crypto Ownership Growth by Region on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Charted: How Fast Do Consumers Adapt to AI?
Published 31 mins ago on June 10, 2025
By Visual Capitalist Brand Solutions
Graphics & Design
Lebon Siu
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The following content is sponsored by ACT | The App Association
The AI for All Series comprises three stories of change and innovation, shining a light on the incredible potential of AI.
Charted: How Fast Do Consumers Adapt to AI?
Key Takeaways
Generative AI—technology that creates text, images, code, and more from simple prompts—reached 39% adoption in just two years, a milestone that took the internet five years and personal computing nearly 12.
The generative AI market will quadruple by 2028 to $52 billion.
Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has taken the world by storm, rapidly integrating into everyday digital tools and platforms.
While many are concerned about its potential misuse, AI adoption is happening faster than many other revolutionary technologies.
In this third and final story in the AI For All series, Visual Capitalist partnered with ACT | The App Association to discover how fast people adapt to generative AI.
The Speed of AI Adoption
In hindsight, any notion that generative AI could have been a slow-moving force that gradually worked its way into the world has been swiftly disproved.
The potential of generative AI and the many ways it can be integrated into daily life ensured its quick adoption compared to other transformative technologies.
Data from the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis shows that nearly 40% of U.S. adults aged 18 to 64 already use generative AI, with almost a third using it many times a week.
Putting this into context, it took nearly five years for the internet to reach generative AI’s level of adoption and a long 12 years for personal computers to achieve the same feat.
Driving Innovation
Generative AI is evolving quickly, and consumers are welcoming the technology into their lives at an incredible rate.
However, as consumer demand for generative AI services rises, regulators must avoid overreaching, which could stifle innovation and deprive the marketplace of the AI offerings consumers demand.
Are you interested in exploring the world of AI further?
The App Association will release its comprehensive guide on June 12th, 2025, examining how premature or overbroad antitrust action could jeopardize AI innovation and outlining a policy approach better aligned with the realities of emerging technology.
But if you can’t wait until the 12th, you can learn more about the benefits of AI here.
Related Topics: #computing #eu #ai #uk #internet #generative ai #U.S. #partner ##partner
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