See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Mapped: The Average Hourly Wage by U.S. State See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Washington, D.C. has the highest average hourly wage in the U.S., standing at $51.30. Eight of the 10 lowest-paying states are in the South. U.S. workers earned an average of $35.06 per hour in 2024, an 8.8% rise in real terms since 2015. Yet there are wide disparities across states. Average real wages in Washington, D.C. are almost double those in Mississippi. Meanwhile, California’s average, at $39.50, is lifted by the concentration of high-paying jobs in the tech sector. This graphic shows average hourly real wages by state, based on data from the Economic Policy Institute. Ranked: Average Hourly Wages in 2024 Below, we show a state-by-state comparison of average real wages in America: RankStateAverage Hourly Wage in 2024 1District of Columbia$51.27 2Massachusetts$41.36 3Washington$41.07 4California$39.53 5Colorado$38.15 6New York$37.90 7Connecticut$37.85 8Minnesota$37.58 9Hawaii$36.86 10Alaska$36.57 11New Jersey$36.41 12Oregon$35.89 13Rhode Island$35.79 14New Hampshire$35.22 15Maryland$34.99 16Utah$33.93 17Virginia$33.90 18North Dakota$33.88 19Vermont$33.87 20Illinois$33.77 21Wisconsin$33.48 22Arizona$33.19 23Texas$33.08 24North Carolina$32.51 25Florida$32.50 26Michigan$32.37 27Georgia$32.14 28Idaho$31.99 29Ohio$31.93 30Pennsylvania$31.79 31Delaware$31.72 32Montana$31.66 33Maine$31.64 34Missouri$31.58 35Nebraska$31.48 36Wyoming$31.21 37South Dakota$30.72 38South Carolina$30.69 39Indiana$30.58 40Kansas$30.39 41Nevada$30.39 42Oklahoma$30.17 43Alabama$30.13 44Tennessee$30.09 45Iowa$29.51 46Kentucky$29.02 47Louisiana$28.70 48West Virginia$28.69 49Arkansas$28.65 50New Mexico$28.26 51Mississippi$26.60 --United States$35.06 As we can see, Washington, D.C. ranks first, boosted by its share of government employees. In 2024, federal employees made up 25% of its workforce, with the Department of Homeland Security and the Department of Justice employing the highest number of workers. Massachusetts follows next, with an average hourly wage of $41.36. The state is known as a hub for biotechnology and engineering, where high-paying jobs are prevalent. Additionally, it is home to Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute for Technology, which produce some of the top-paid college graduates in the country. Ranking in third is Washington, at $41.07. With a minimum wage of $16.66 in 2025, it has one of the nation’s highest. Overall, five of the top 10 states by average real wages are in the West. On the other hand, Mississippi and New Mexico had the lowest wages in the country. This highlights clear regional differences in salary outcomes in the U.S., driven by lower economic output and lower-paying industries. Moreover, both states have some of the highest rates of extreme poverty, disproportionately affecting minorities and people of color. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on median full-time salaries by state.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Mapped: Global Real Estate Bubble Risk in 2025 See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Miami tops the 2025 Real Estate Bubble Index with a score of 1.73, placing it firmly in bubble risk territory. Tokyo and Zurich also exceed the bubble risk threshold score of 1.5. Toronto and Hong Kong saw the largest year-over-year declines in bubble risk. Globally, real estate markets have been cooling over the last few years, with high mortgage rates and unaffordable prices affecting demand in many cities. However, while housing bubble risks have eased across many markets, home prices in real estate hotspots like Miami and Tokyo continue to rise, inflating their bubble risk. This infographic shows the cities with the highest bubble risk worldwide based on the UBS Global Real Estate Bubble Index 2025. Where Housing Markets Look Most Overheated UBS’ Real Estate Bubble Index evaluates housing markets around the world using a range of indicators, including price-to-income ratios, price-to-rent ratios, and trends in mortgage lending and construction activity. Cities are classified into three broad categories based on their index score: Bubble Risk: >1.5 Overvalued: 0.5 to 1.5 Fairly Valued: -0.5 to 0.5 Below is the full 2025 ranking of cities by UBS’s Bubble Index score, along with the annual real price change: RankCityBubble Risk Index ScoreAnnual real home price change (2024 to 2025) 1Miami1.731.9% 2Tokyo1.595.7% 3Zurich1.555.0% 4Los Angeles1.110.9% 5Dubai1.0911.1% 6Amsterdam1.061.2% 7Geneva1.054.1% 8Toronto0.8-7.5% 9Sydney0.80.8% 10Madrid0.7713.6% 11Frankfurt0.76-1.2% 12Vancouver0.76-5.9% 13Munich0.641.4% 14Singapore0.552.6% 15Hong Kong0.44-7.9% 16London0.34-2.1% 17San Francisco0.28-2.6% 18New York0.26-1.5% 19Paris0.250.1% 20Milan0.01-2.7% 21São Paulo-0.10.0% The majority of cities in the index saw their bubble risk decline since 2024, with Toronto and Hong Kong experiencing the largest drops. However, bubble risk rose in Miami, which ranks highest with an index score of 1.73, supported by rising home prices. Tokyo and Zurich also sit above the critical 1.5 threshold. Meanwhile, several real estate markets fall into the overvalued range but remain below the bubble-risk territory. These include Madrid, which saw the strongest rise in real home prices, up 13.6% from 2024 to 2025. Dubai is another notable city in the overvalued bucket, with prices rising by over 11% year-over-year. According to UBS, average real prices in Dubai have grown by around 50% over the last five years. However, prices could potentially cool off in 2026 following a record increase in supply. Where Real Estate Bubble Risk Declined in 2025 Several housing markets are undergoing corrections after the post-pandemic uproar in prices. Toronto, one of the world’s most unaffordable housing markets, has seen its bubble risk score fall sharply, accompanied by a -7.5% real home price decline. Hong Kong saw an even larger drop in price levels, at -7.9%, pushing it into the fairly-valued category. Other cities, including Vancouver, Frankfurt, London, and San Francisco, also reported price declines as affordability constraints and higher borrowing costs weighed on demand. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, see this graphic on the world’s most expensive housing markets on Voronoi.

See more visuals like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Mean vs. Median: Visualizing Net Worth in the U.S. by Age See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Mean net worth is the average calculated by adding all net worth values and dividing by the number of households, making it sensitive to very wealthy outliers. Median net worth represents the middle value where half of households have more and half have less, giving a clearer view of the typical household’s financial position. The relationship between age and wealth offers insight into how financial security builds over time. In this graphic, we compare the mean and median household net worth across age groups, showing how dramatically the two averages can differ. Due to extreme wealth (e.g. the presence of billionaires), the mean average paints a more optimistic picture than what most households actually experience. As a result, looking at both averages side by side gives a more complete view of American wealth. Data & Discussion The data for this visualization comes from Empower. It compares the average net worth by age in America. Age by decadeMean AverageMedian Average 20s$121,004$6,609 30s$307,343$24,247 40s$743,456$75,719 50s$1,330,746$191,857 60s$1,547,378$290,447 70s$1,444,413$233,085 80s$1,342,656$233,436 90s$1,212,583$205,043 How Net Worth is Calculated Net worth is the total value of your assets minus your liabilities. Here’s a summary of what the Federal Reserve includes under each category. Assets include: Cash within bank accounts Investment accounts and life insurance policies Retirement accounts, including IRAs and 401(k)s Value of real estate and vehicles Meanwhile, liabilities include: Mortgages Home equity lines of credit or home equity loans Credit card balances Installment loans, including personal loans, auto loans, and student loans The Difference Between Mean and Median Across every age group in the dataset, the mean net worth is larger than the median. For example, Americans in their 40s have a mean net worth of $743,456, yet the median sits at just $75,719. This is because the mean is calculated by adding up all of the values in a dataset and dividing the total by the number of entries. As a result, very wealthy households pull the overall numbers upward. On the other hand, the median is calculated by ordering all values from lowest to highest, and then selecting the middle one. This can be interpreted as a more realistic measure because it ignores the influence of a small number of extremely wealthy households. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Countries With the Most High Net Worth Individuals on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

See more visuals like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Mapped: Wage Growth by State (2024-2025) See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Real wages (wages adjusted for inflation) increased in 42 states and D.C. over the past year ending June 2025. Idaho and Mississippi saw the strongest average wage gains at 6.7% and 5.0%. Real wage growth in the U.S. has become a central focus as inflation and new tariffs continue to strain Americans’ purchasing power. Nationally, between July 2024 and June 2025, the nominal average wage rose from $1,200 to $1,250 per week—a $50 increase, or 4.2% growth. After adjusting for inflation, real wages grew 2.5%, giving workers about $30 more in weekly purchasing power. This map highlights how each state performed in the 12 months ending June 2025, showing where workers are gaining purchasing power, and where they are still falling behind. The data for this visualization comes from USAFacts. States Leading Wage Growth Idaho and Mississippi top the nation, with real wages rising 6.7% and 5.0%. Both states have seen rapid population inflows and tight labor markets, contributing to stronger wage pressures. Other high-performing states, including Georgia, Vermont, and Kansas, also recorded gains above 3%. StateReal wage growth (Avg.) Idaho6.7% Mississippi5.0% Georgia4.3% Vermont4.0% Kansas3.4% Texas3.2% Nevada3.1% Arizona2.7% Florida2.7% Virginia2.7% Colorado2.6% Wyoming2.6% Alabama2.3% Indiana2.3% Connecticut2.2% New Jersey2.2% Ohio2.2% Oregon2.1% Arkansas2.0% Missouri1.9% Montana1.8% Oklahoma1.8% DC1.7% Wisconsin1.7% New Mexico1.5% North Carolina1.5% Maine1.4% Nebraska1.2% California1.1% South Carolina1.1% Alaska1.0% Minnesota1.0% Delaware0.9% Utah0.9% Washington0.9% West Virginia0.9% Pennsylvania0.8% Hawaii0.5% Kentucky0.4% Illinois0.3% Iowa0.3% Massachusetts0.3% Rhode Island0.2% Louisiana-0.1% Maryland-0.2% Michigan-0.2% New York-0.4% North Dakota-0.7% South Dakota-0.7% Tennessee-1.2% New Hampshire-1.7% U.S. National Average2.5% Moderate but Positive Growth Across Much of the Country A large portion of states saw real wage gains between 1% and 3%. This group includes major population centers like Texas, Florida, Virginia, and Colorado. Steady job creation and cooling inflation have helped wages outpace consumer prices in these areas. Where Wage Growth Is Falling Behind Eight states recorded negative real wage growth, meaning inflation outpaced pay increases. New Hampshire, Tennessee, and the Dakotas saw some of the largest declines, reflecting weaker labor market conditions. New York and Michigan also posted modest decreases, suggesting ongoing economic transitions are weighing on earnings. These pockets of decline stand out against the broader national trend of improvement. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Ranked: The Cities Americans Are Moving To on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization U.S. Flight Cancellations Over the Government Shutdown See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways During the longest U.S. government shutdown on record, flight cancellations jumped to 2,260 on November 9th, nearly seven times higher than the 2024 average. Major U.S. airlines are estimated to lose between $150 and $200 million in operating income due to the 43-day shutdown. Over five million travelers were impacted by the U.S. government shutdown given flight-reduction orders across the country. While the average number of daily flight cancellations in 2024 was 340, it skyrocketed to 2,260 on November 9th. Adding to this, air traffic controllers were already facing a shortage of nearly 4,000 fully certified personnel ahead of the shutdown. This graphic shows the surge in flight cancellations over the government shutdown, based on data from Flightaware via CNN. U.S. Flight Cancellations Skyrocket Below, we show the number of flight cancellations over the longest shutdown in U.S. history, causing billions of dollars of damage to the U.S. travel industry: DateNumber of cancelled flights travelling to, from, or within the U.S. Nov 92,260 Nov 81,600 Nov 71,000 Nov 6202 Nov 5171 Nov 4151 Nov 384 Nov 2244 Nov 1173 Oct 31493 Oct 301,300 Oct 29157 Oct 28153 Oct 27161 Oct 26193 Oct 25175 Oct 24454 Oct 23283 Oct 2257 Oct 2164 Oct 2086 Oct 19118 Oct 18324 Oct 1756 Oct 1649 Oct 1554 Oct 14146 Oct 13593 Oct 12271 Oct 11114 2024 Average340 After the Federal Aviation Administration ordered a 10% reduction in flights across 40 major airports, Delta Air Lines was among the hardest hit. Over the last few days of the shutdown, as many as 34% of all Delta flights were delayed, while 11% were cancelled. American Airlines saw the second-highest number of flights impacted, with more than a third delayed. Overall, airports in Chicago, New York, and Atlanta were among the most affected. Major airlines are expected to see up to a $200 million hit in operating income, while regional airlines could face up to $100 million. Making matters worse, the U.S. travel industry is estimated to lose $5.7 billion in international tourism spending this year compared to 2024, largely driven by a decline in Canadian travelers. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on the world’s busiest airports.

Published 2 hours ago on November 25, 2025 By Jenna Ross Graphics & Design Jennifer West Twitter Facebook LinkedIn Reddit Pinterest Email The following content is sponsored by Terzo The Dangers of AI: Visualizing the Top Risks Companies Face Key Takeaways Of all the dangers of AI, inaccuracy is the biggest risk companies face. Nearly a third of companies have been negatively impacted by AI inaccuracy at least once. Companies are rushing to implement AI, but it’s not all smooth sailing. More than half of businesses say the dangers of AI have led to at least one negative consequence. But which issues plague businesses the most? This infographic breaks down the most common risks. It’s a preview of the brand-new executive guide from Terzo and Visual Capitalist, AI’s Illusion of Truth: The Data Behind AI Errors. The Top Dangers of AI Inaccuracy is the biggest risk companies report, with almost a third experiencing a negative consequence at least once. RiskPercent of Companies That Experienced Negative Consequences at Least Once Inaccuracy30% Explainability14% Personal/Individual Privacy11% Cybersecurity10% Regulatory Compliance8% Intellectual Property Infringement8% Unauthorized or Unintended Action7% Equity and Fairness7% Workforce Displacement6% Source: McKinsey, online survey of 1,753 participants conducted June 25 to July 29, 2025. The other dangers of AI are reported on a much lower scale. Explainability, which is the ability for people to understand an AI system’s inner workings, has affected half as many companies as inaccuracy has. The Knock-On Effects of Errors AI inaccuracy can lead to much bigger issues. It undermines trust in AI systems, causes operational inefficiencies, and can lead to flawed strategic decisions. When AI generates incorrect outputs, the damage is often amplified through cascading processes. It also has the potential to create legal issues. As the Harvard Law School recently pointed out, many insurance companies are adding limitations or excluding coverage for AI-related losses. This means that leaders may not be covered under traditional Directors & Officers policies for any liabilities that arise from AI errors. Next Steps for Leaders Many companies have started taking steps to combat the dangers of AI. In fact, 54% of businesses are actively working to mitigate AI inaccuracies. Leaders can take charge by ensuring their teams have humans in the loop to review AI’s output before it is used.  See the data behind AI’s errors and how to get 99% accuracy in the free executive guide, AI’s Illusion of Truth. More from Terzo Business1 week ago Ranked: Which Universities Build the Most Entrepreneurs? Which university has had the most alumni become entrepreneurs in the last decade? Hint: its not Stanford or Harvard. 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See more visuals like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Charted: The Soaring Revenues of AI Companies (2023–2025) See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways OpenAI’s annualized revenue surged to $13 billion by August 2025, up from $200 million in early 2023. Anthropic’s annualized revenue climbed from $87 million in early 2024 to $7 billion in 2025. xAI remains the smallest of the three but grew rapidly, reaching $500 million in annualized revenue in 2025. The AI boom continues to reshape the technology landscape, which is evident in the explosive revenue growth of the world’s leading AI companies. Increasing usage among consumers, along with enterprise adoption and new product offerings, have all fueled revenue growth for AI leaders. This infographic shows how the annualized revenues of OpenAI, Anthropic, and xAI have scaled over the past two years using estimates from Epoch.ai. How Fast Are AI Company Revenues Growing? Between 2023 and 2025, revenues for AI model developers grew at an accelerated pace. The table below shows the latest disclosed or reported revenue figures for each AI company: CompanyDateAnnualized revenue (USD) Anthropic2024-01-01$87,000,000 Anthropic2024-12-31$1,000,000,000 Anthropic2025-03-01$1,400,000,000 Anthropic2025-03-31$2,000,000,000 Anthropic2025-05-30$3,000,000,000 Anthropic2025-07-01$4,000,000,000 Anthropic2025-07-29$5,000,000,000 Anthropic2025-10-21$7,000,000,000 OpenAI2023-03-01$200,000,000 OpenAI2023-08-29$1,000,000,000 OpenAI2023-10-10$1,300,000,000 OpenAI2023-12-30$1,600,000,000 OpenAI2023-12-31$2,000,000,000 OpenAI2024-06-12$3,400,000,000 OpenAI2024-08-15$3,600,000,000 OpenAI2024-09-12$4,000,000,000 OpenAI2024-12-31$5,500,000,000 OpenAI2025-06-09$10,000,000,000 OpenAI2025-07-30$12,000,000,000 OpenAI2025-08-01$13,000,000,000 xAI2024-11-20$100,000,000 xAI2025-01-31$178,000,000 xAI2025-03-31$208,000,000 xAI2025-07-31$500,000,000 OpenAI saw the steepest rise, jumping from $200 million in early 2023 to $13 billion in annualized revenue by August 2025. The majority of OpenAI’s revenue comes from consumers and the increasing usage of ChatGPT. Anthropic’s revenue trajectory is similarly dramatic, growing from just $87 million in annualized revenue at the start of 2024 to $7 billion by late 2025, marking an 80-fold increase. Estimates suggest that 70-80% of Anthropic’s revenue is from enterprise customers. Elon Musk’s xAI, founded in 2023, is much earlier in its growth curve. However, with annualized revenues jumping from $100 million in late 2024 to $500 million by mid-2025, xAI is becoming a notable name in the industry. XAI also has the world’s most powerful AI supercomputer. The Race to Monetize AI As generative AI becomes embedded across industries, AI model developers are capturing new revenue streams. OpenAI and Anthropic are racing to scale infrastructure, model capabilities, and enterprise integration tools, while xAI continues to expand its developer ecosystem and along with new versions of its model Grok. If revenue trajectories continue on their current path, AI companies may soon mark one of the fastest industry expansions in recent history. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, see how AI companies are dominating the list of global unicorns in this infographic on Voronoi.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Visualizing the World’s Rare Earth Reserves See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways China accounts for nearly half of global rare earth reserves (44M of 92M metric tons). Brazil ranks second (21M tons), while the U.S. holds 1.9M tons—about 2% of the total. Rare earth elements (REEs) are the backbone of modern technology, from EV motors and wind turbines to smartphones and precision-guided systems. This map breaks down where the world’s known rare earth reserves are located in 2025, highlighting how concentrated they are across a handful of countries. The distribution is highly uneven. China alone holds nearly half of the global total, followed by Brazil’s sizable deposits. By contrast, many advanced economies have limited reserves. The data for this visualization comes from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). A Heavily Concentrated Reserve Base China leads with 44.0 million metric tons, about 48% of the world total of 91.9 million metric tons. Brazil is a clear second at 21.0 million tons (23%), reflecting large ionic clay and hard-rock deposits that are still early in development. RankCountryReserves (Metric Tons) 1 China44,000,000 2 Brazil21,000,000 3 India6,900,000 4 Australia5,700,000 5 Russia3,800,000 6 Vietnam3,500,000 7 U.S.1,900,000 8 Greenland1,500,000 9 Tanzania890,000 10 South Africa860,000 11 Canada830,000 12 Thailand4,500 -- Rest of World1,015,500 -- World Total91,900,000 India (6.9 million tons) and Australia (5.7 million tons) round out the top tier, while Russia (3.8 million tons) and Vietnam (3.5 million tons) are also ahead of the United States. Together, the top six countries account for roughly four-fifths of known reserves. Advanced Economies: Small Shares, Big Demand The United States holds just 1.9 million metric tons of rare earths (2%), underscoring its reliance on trade and midstream processing to secure supply. In recent months, the Trump administration has sought to reduce U.S. dependence on Chinese materials by funding domestic mining projects, streamlining permits, and partnering with allies to diversify supply chains. In October, President Trump and President Xi Jinping agreed to reduce tariffs in exchange for China maintaining the flow of rare earth exports. Emerging Players Canada (0.83 million tons) and the EU-adjacent Greenland (1.5 million tons) have meaningful but smaller bases. Africa and the Arctic feature emerging sources: Tanzania (0.89 million tons) and South Africa (0.86 million tons) join Greenland as potential growth nodes if infrastructure and processing scale. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Why Rare Earths Are Critical to EV Motors on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Mapped: Job Losses by U.S. State in 2025 See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Washington, D.C. is home to more than a quarter of the nation’s job losses in 2025, reaching 303,778 as of October. California accounts for 14% of U.S. layoffs, particularly in the tech and manufacturing sectors. U.S. job weakness is disproportionately affecting certain states, as trade policy, immigration, and AI shapes the labor market. So far, job losses in Washington, D.C. account for the largest share of the national total by far. California follows next in line, as Big Tech firms shed thousands of workers after a pandemic-era hiring spree. This graphic shows job cuts by U.S. state in 2025, based on data from Challenger, Gray and Christmas. U.S. Job Losses Hit 1.1 Million This year, U.S. job losses have reached 1.1 million as of October, up sharply from last year’s total of 761,000. StateJob Losses YTD 2025Change vs YTD 2024 Washington303,778773% California158,73416% New York81,70120% Georgia78,049338% Washington77,658111% New Jersey64,334454% Texas46,352-31% Ohio40,70770% Florida22,77176% Illinois20,6783% Michigan19,336-10% Arizona18,547103% Pennsylvania17,25612% Massachusetts14,430-18% Tennessee11,566-27% North Carolina10,72026% Maryland9,48027% Virginia9,30432% Alabama9,115180% Minnesota9,0494% Iowa7,318-8% Maine7,3111,446% Colorado6,982-50% Missouri5,519-21% Kentucky5,27752% Nebraska5,249597% Oregon4,660-54% Wisconsin3,511-63% Connecticut3,251-66% South Carolina3,136-28% Kansas3,095-36% Nevada2,668-76% Indiana2,120-45% Oklahoma2,061124% Louisiana2,05057% Mississippi2,00695% Alaska1,7122,346% Utah1,472-75% Rhode Island1,221-90% Hawaii1,063-65% West Virginia9891% Arkansas620-63% Idaho531-26% South Dakota478-57% Montana461-55% Vermont399-15% New Mexico288-68% Delaware209-70% New Hampshire154-35% North Dakota963% Wyoming28-99% As we can see, federal workforce overhauls have resulted in 303,778 layoffs in Washington, D.C., more than California and New York combined. In California, job losses now total 158,734, reflecting a softening labor market. Overall, California is home to 18 million workers, the highest share in the country. Across the broader U.S. tech sector, layoff announcements now total 141,159 compared with 120,470 this time last year. Notably, Intel plans to cut 5,000 workers in the U.S., mainly in California and Oregon. San Francisco-based Salesforce also plans to slash 4,000 workers this year. Meanwhile, New York firms have cut 81,700 workers, a 20% increase from last year. New York-based Verizon alone announced cuts of 13,000 workers in November, largely affecting its U.S. employees. By contrast, layoff data in Texas is significantly better in 2025 compared to a year ago. Not only that, it leads nationally in job creation, seeing some of the strongest growth in the services and hospitality sectors. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on unemployment by state.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Charted: Home and Rent Price Changes in Global Cities (2015-2025) See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Miami leads all cities with 93.1% growth in real home prices over the last decade, far exceeding its rent increase of 12.7%. Madrid’s rents jumped 48%, the largest rental rise globally, driven by surging tourism and short-term rental demand, while its home prices climbed about 42%. Most cities saw property values outpace rental price growth, but some major cities like New York, Milan, London, and Hong Kong saw declines in both. From 2015 to 2025, global real estate markets experienced significant divergence between real home price growth and rent price growth. While most major cities saw home values rise faster than rents, a few key markets—particularly in Europe and Asia—showed softening property prices amid slowing demand and tighter credit conditions. This visualization highlights 25 major global cities from the UBS Global Real Estate Bubble Index 2025, comparing inflation-adjusted percentage changes in both home and rental prices over the past decade. Miami Leads Global Home Price Growth Since 2015 Miami topped the list with a staggering 93.1% increase in real home prices, showing the strongest decade-long appreciation globally. Despite this, rent prices grew only 12.7%, reflecting a widening affordability gap. The data table below shows the real home price change and real rent price change across 25 major cities around the world. CityReal home price change (2015-2025)Real rental price change (2015-2025) Miami, United States93.1%12.7% Tokyo, Japan66.0%23.1% Amsterdam, Netherlands64.4%17.2% Toronto, Canada48.0%8.3% Madrid, Spain42.4%48.0% Zurich, Switzerland42.4%23.1% Frankfurt, Germany42.4%14.9% Los Angeles, United States42.4%-2.0% Vancouver, Canada39.7%21.9% Munich, Germany30.5%18.4% Singapore25.5%21.9% Geneva, Switzerland17.2%1.0% Sydney, Australia16.1%17.2% Dubai, UAE12.7%2.0% San Francisco, United States7.2%-19.1% Paris, France0.0%-8.6% Milan, Italy-4.9%-3.0% New York, United States-4.9%-7.7% London, United Kingdom-10.5%-10.5% São Paulo, Brazil-19.1%-3.0% Hong Kong-19.9%-11.4% Similar trends occurred in other North American cities: Toronto’s home prices rose 48%, while rents climbed a modest 8.3%, and Vancouver saw a 39.7% jump in property values compared to 21.9% rent growth. These disparities underscore how ownership demand in North America—fueled by migration, investment, and limited supply—has far outpaced rental market fundamentals. New York City was an outlier, with declines in both home and rent prices of 4.9% and 7.7% respectively. Europe’s Home and Rent Price Changes Vary Europe’s housing performance was varied, with Madrid being an outlier with significant increases especially in rent prices. Madrid saw home prices rise by 42.4%, while rents surged 48%, the steepest rental increase among all major global cities. This reflects Spain’s booming short-term rental sector and tourism rebound. In contrast, London’s property and rent prices have fallen 10.5% since 2015, potentially reflecting Brexit’s lingering effects and the significant millionaire exodus the country faces. Milan was another city which saw declines in both metrics, with a 4.9% and 3% fall in property and rental prices. Meanwhile, Zurich and Munich both saw double-digit home price increases of 42.4% and 30.5%, with rent gains also in the double digits at 23.1% and 18.4%, respectively. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about rent prices around the world, check out this graphic which shows the global cities with the highest rent prices on the Voronoi app.

See more visuals like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization The World’s Biggest Cryptocurrencies in 2025 This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Bitcoin remains the world’s largest cryptocurrency, nearing a $2 trillion market cap in 2025. Stablecoins like Tether and USDC now occupy significant positions in the market. The global cryptocurrency market cap stands at almost $3 trillion. This visualization ranks the world’s biggest cryptocurrencies in 2025, showing how value is distributed across major networks, stablecoins, and emerging digital assets. The data for this visualization comes from CoinMarketCap. It represents the latest market capitalization figures for the largest cryptocurrencies as of November 11, 2025. Market cap is calculated by multiplying a token’s price by its circulating supply. Bitcoin and Ethereum Continue to Dominate Bitcoin remains the clear market leader at nearly $2 trillion, reflecting its status as the most widely held and institutionally recognized crypto asset. Ethereum follows at $391 billion, supported by its role as the leading smart contract platform. Together, the two represent the core of the crypto landscape. RankNameMarket Cap 1Bitcoin$1,997,165,600,925 2Ethereum$391,239,568,163 3Tether$183,930,453,416 4XRP$140,020,028,628 5BNB$127,574,296,502 6Solana$80,406,801,155 7USDC$75,575,532,783 8TRON$27,726,199,749 9Dogecoin$24,884,478,723 10Cardano$19,037,021,093 11Hyperliquid$13,036,113,804 12Chainlink$10,165,780,197 13Bitcoin Cash$10,119,032,710 14Stellar$8,659,896,374 15UNUS SED LEO$8,443,694,797 16Zcash$8,201,255,752 17Ethena USD$8,195,997,122 18Litecoin$7,428,846,643 19Monero$7,161,607,062 20Hedera$7,014,544,404 21Avalanche$6,960,020,607 22Sui$6,907,821,704 23Shiba Inu$5,500,679,553 24Dai$5,364,314,220 25Toncoin$4,940,611,045 26Uniswap$4,886,752,988 27Polkadot$4,681,240,652 28Cronos$4,400,321,655 29Mantle$3,977,642,836 30Canton$3,940,854,545 31World Liberty Financial$3,586,042,424 32Bittensor$3,514,471,572 33PayPal USD$3,416,282,717 34Internet Computer$3,189,227,358 35NEAR Protocol$3,151,910,974 36Aave$3,043,905,646 37World Liberty Financial USD$2,819,404,867 38Bitget Token$2,787,410,634 39MemeCore$2,509,460,029 40OKB$2,464,330,852 41Ethereum Classic$2,327,032,820 42Pepe$2,294,432,168 43Aptos$2,187,451,666 44Ethena$2,177,400,156 45Aster$2,174,151,441 46Ondo$1,944,426,626 47Pi$1,829,238,754 48Polygon$1,753,982,749 49Worldcoin$1,699,117,284 50KuCoin Token$1,620,080,843 Other top cryptocurrencies in our list include layer-1 networks such as Solana, BNB, and Cardano. The Rise of Stablecoins and Alternative Layer-1 Networks Stablecoins are cryptocurrencies designed to maintain a steady value, typically by pegging to fiat currencies, commodities, or other financial instruments. They serve as a bridge between traditional finance and digital markets, offering price stability that makes them useful for trading, payments, and storing value on-chain. Stablecoins like Tether and USDC now occupy significant positions in the market, with market capitalization of $184 billion and $76 billion. Their rapid growth reflects rising demand for reliable, dollar-pegged assets across exchanges, payment networks, and decentralized finance applications. Emerging Assets and New Entrants Beyond the major players, a range of mid-size tokens have gained traction. Projects like Hyperliquid, Chainlink, and Hedera highlight strong demand for specialized tools such as oracle data, liquidity infrastructure, and enterprise-grade networks. Meme-driven and community-led tokens, including Dogecoin, Shiba Inu, and Pepe, remain notable for their cultural influence despite more volatile fundamentals. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Inflation Watch: Countries Losing the Most Purchasing Power in 2025 on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

See more visuals like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Mapped: Income Needed to Join the Top 1% by State (2025) See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Coastal economies, particularly in the Northeast and on the West Coast, dominate the upper half of the ranking. Connecticut leads the nation, where you’d need to earn more than $1.05 million to join the top 1% by income. What it takes to join the top 1% of earners varies across the United States. This map highlights the income floor required to enter the wealthiest bracket in each state for 2025. The spread is wide, stretching from over $1 million at the top to barely $400,000 in less wealthy states. High-paying industries like finance, technology, and professional services cluster in coastal states, pushing top incomes even higher. Meanwhile, states with smaller economies and lower costs of living require far less to reach the elite group. The data for this visualization comes from SmartAsset. It ranks all 50 states by the annual income required to enter the top 1%, based on tax return data. The table below also includes the number of households in this bracket and the corresponding income floor for the top 5%. Where You Need the Most to Join the 1% Connecticut tops the list with a $1,056,996 income floor, making it the only state above the $1 million mark. RankStateTop 1% of earners# of top 1% returnsTop 5% of earners 1Connecticut$1,056,99616,917$362,263 2Massachusetts$965,17032,795$378,434 3California$905,396175,045$353,073 4New Jersey$901,08243,042$367,108 5New York$891,64091,840$307,753 6Florida$859,381105,101$281,811 7Washington$819,10135,597$355,767 8Colorado$772,98927,685$318,659 9Wyoming$771,3692,611$255,320 10Texas$743,955128,130$284,661 11New Hampshire$735,3746,796$311,145 12Illinois$731,20256,794$292,729 13Nevada$703,71314,754$248,739 14Virginia$701,79239,103$314,694 15North Dakota$695,7593,431$272,755 16Utah$690,54813,991$270,645 17South Dakota$687,1904,062$255,851 18Maryland$677,54329,040$304,250 19Minnesota$671,40826,423$285,607 20Georgia$662,82146,220$267,958 21Montana$656,8305,101$251,774 22Pennsylvania$655,63658,541$272,141 23Arizona$641,26231,872$261,362 24North Carolina$640,78346,525$268,730 25Tennessee$638,29930,531$247,765 26Idaho$627,8398,145$249,451 27Kansas$609,94612,643$253,834 28Nebraska$603,8998,660$251,139 29Rhode Island$603,1625,224$258,276 30Oregon$603,00619,053$270,877 31Alaska$586,3813,223$266,499 32Vermont$583,5593,123$249,931 33South Carolina$580,60023,203$241,531 34Delaware$578,5804,726$260,787 35Wisconsin$566,71127,293$242,066 36Michigan$561,58245,218$241,403 37Hawaii$561,1476,472$249,850 38Missouri$559,04326,898$237,461 39Iowa$554,04613,821$241,591 40Louisiana$551,12518,593$225,674 41Maine$550,9366,618$236,338 42Ohio$550,72453,103$232,196 43Oklahoma$544,67916,106$224,074 44Alabama$532,60020,185$226,634 45Indiana$531,33230,120$227,098 46Arkansas$517,76112,198$217,087 47Kentucky$496,28118,395$215,196 48New Mexico$451,6399,310$211,101 49Mississippi$439,47911,731$195,171 50West Virginia$416,3107,316$196,335 Massachusetts ($965,170) and California ($905,396) follow in second and third place, both supported by large, high-skill job markets. States in the Northeast and along the West Coast dominate the top positions due to dense economic activity and elevated earnings in specialized industries. Middle-Tier States Still Require High Earnings States like Colorado, Washington, and Virginia sit in the upper-middle tier, requiring between $700,000 and $820,000 to qualify for the top 1%. These states benefit from fast-growing metropolitan areas, strong tech or government-driven employment, and rising household incomes. Even in energy-focused states such as Wyoming and North Dakota, the income floors exceed $690,000, showing how pockets of high-paying industries influence overall thresholds. The Most Affordable States for Top 1% Status At the bottom of the ranking, West Virginia’s $416,310 threshold is the lowest in the country, followed by Mississippi ($439,479) and New Mexico ($451,639). Lower costs of living, smaller urban job markets, and fewer high-paying industry clusters contribute to these more modest thresholds. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Visualizing the Cost of the American Dream on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization The Most (and Least) Affordable U.S. Cities in 2025 See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways In Tupelo, MS living costs are more than a fifth cheaper than the national average as of Q2 2025. Manhattan, NY is the most unaffordable, while Brooklyn and Queens also rank in the top 10. Today, Tupelo, MS is the nation’s most affordable city, where your dollar can stretch 21% further than the U.S. average. Similarly, several Southern cities have the lowest cost of living in the country, typically seeing smaller populations and more affordable housing. In contrast, New York and California continue to rank among the most expensive places to live. This graphic shows the U.S. cities with the lowest and highest cost of living, based on data from the Council for Community and Economic Research. Where Are America’s Affordable Cities? Below, we rank cities by their cost of living index, which measured 61 items in Q2 2025: Most AffordableUrban AreasCost of Living IndexLeast AffordableUrban AreasCost of Living Index 1Tupelo MS791Manhattan NY232 2Decatur IL792Honolulu HI182 3Harlingen TX803San Jose CA181 4McAllen TX804Orange County CA162 5Richmond IN815San Francisco CA160 6Oklahoma City OK826Brooklyn NY159 7Pittsburg KS827Queens NY151 8Salina KS828Los Angeles-Long Beach CA149 9Muskogee OK839San Diego CA146 10Ponca City OK8310Boston MA145 Oklahoma stands out for affordability, with three of the nation’s 10 most affordable cities. Texas and Kansas follow closely, each with two. In Oklahoma City, the median home sale price sits at $225,167, and more than half of homes sold in August went for less than the list price. Down south, McAllen, Texas saw the third-lowest grocery costs in the country. At the other end of the spectrum, living costs in Manhattan are more than twice the national average—72% higher than even San Francisco. Neighboring boroughs like Brooklyn and Queens also rank among the least affordable in the U.S., driven by an influx of Manhattan buyers during the pandemic. Honolulu, meanwhile, takes the lead for grocery expenses, with prices more than 32% above the U.S. average, and 13% higher than in Manhattan. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on the world’s most expensive real estate markets.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization The Countries That Gained the Most Forest (2015-2025) See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways China, Russia, and India are global leaders in forest area growth in the past 10 years. Vietnam ranks in tenth, with 72,800 hectares of net forest gains. Forests absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, acting as the world’s lungs. At the same time, forests contain distinct weather systems and water flows, impacting land areas thousands of miles away. While millions of hectares (ha) have been lost across the Amazon over the past several decades, several countries are actively pursuing reforestation efforts. This graphic shows the top countries by growth in forest area since 2015, based on data from the UN Food and Agriculture Organization. Forest Area Growth by Country (2015-2025) Below, we show how China has gained the most net forest area in the world over the last decade: RankingCountryNet gain 2015-2025(ha)Average annual net change(%) 1 China1,686,0000.8 2 Russia942,0000.1 3 India191,0000.3 4 Türkiye118,0000.5 5 Australia105,0000.1 6 France95,9000.6 7 Indonesia94,1000.1 8 South Africa87,6000.4 9 Canada82,5000.0 10 Vietnam72,8000.5 Since the 1970s, China has planted thousands, if not millions, of trees under its “Great Green Wall” initiative. This initiative is designed to prevent sand in the Gobi and Taklamakan deserts from encroaching into cities. Aimed to be completed by 2050, the project has had mixed results, including low tree survival rates in some cases. Yet in spite of this, 1.7 million net ha of forests have been planted in the country since 2015. Russia ranks in second globally, with 942,000 ha gained over the decade. Supporting this trend are national policies aimed at accelerating forest area growth beginning in 2018. Similarly, India has enacted ambitious national policy goals for reforestation. By 2030, it plans to restore 26 million ha of forest as part of its climate goals. Since 2015, it has seen a net gain of 191,000 hectares of forest, the third-highest globally. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on the countries with the largest forests.

See more visuals like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Ranked: Which Country Consumes the Most Coffee in 2025 This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Luxembourg ranks first in global coffee consumption in 2025, averaging more than five cups per person per day. India ranks last among the 65 countries analyzed, consuming just 0.02 cups per person per day. The global coffee market continues to grow, but consumption patterns vary widely across countries. Northern European nations dominate the upper tiers, driven by a long-standing café culture and high per-capita spending. Meanwhile, large emerging markets drink far less per person despite being major producers. This visualization ranks 65 countries by their daily coffee consumption per capita in 2025, showing how drinking habits differ around the world. The table below also includes data on lifetime coffee consumption, and average cup prices. The data for this ranking comes from Cafely. Europe Continues to Dominate Global Coffee Consumption Northern Europe remains the global center of coffee drinking. Luxembourg leads the world with 5.31 cups per day per person—far ahead of larger economies. Luxembourg’s per-capita figure is boosted by its huge commuter workforce. Nearly half of all workers (47%) live outside the country, and their daily coffee consumption is counted in Luxembourg’s totals. Finland and Sweden, long known for their strong coffee cultures, follow closely behind. All of the top 10 countries are European, reflecting both historical preferences and high purchasing power. RankCountryDaily coffee consumption per Capita (Cups)Lifetime Consumption (Cups)Price per cupLifetime spending 1Luxembourg5.31118,227$3.60$425,618 2Finland3.7783,939$4.00$335,756 3Sweden2.5958,612$3.70$216,863 4Norway2.5758,159$4.40$255,900 5Austria2.0345,198$3.30$149,153 6Denmark2.0444,676$5.40$241,250 7Switzerland1.8742,318$5.00$211,591 8Netherlands1.7939,854$3.10$123,548 9Greece1.7137,449$3.10$116,092 10Germany1.6135,259$3.10$109,303 11Canada1.5734,956$3.50$122,346 12Belgium1.5734,383$3.10$106,587 13France1.4832,952$3.10$102,152 14Slovenia1.4932,631$1.70$55,473 15Italy1.4432,587$1.54$50,184 16Lebanon1.631,536$3.63$114,476 18Brazil1.5831,142$1.55$48,270 17Cyprus1.4231,098$3.17$98,581 19Portugal1.4130,879$1.66$51,259 20Croatia1.4730,583$1.72$52,603 21Estonia1.4429,959$3.05$91,376 22Lithuania1.4328,707$2.72$78,084 23Czech Republic1.2526,463$2.46$65,098 24United States1.2225,827$4.69$121,131 24Australia1.1425,798$3.24$83,586 26Ireland1.1325,159$3.47$87,303 27Spain1.0623,988$1.92$46,057 28Costa Rica1.0522,229$2.55$56,683 29Japan0.9321,385$3.10$66,295 30Poland0.9519,765$2.48$49,017 31Latvia0.9719,119$2.78$53,150 32Bulgaria0.9818,243$1.57$28,641 33South Korea0.7416,746$3.59$60,119 34Romania0.8616,637$2.01$33,440 35Malta0.6715,162$2.45$37,147 36Algeria0.7214,454$0.84$12,141 37El Salvador0.7113,217$2.65$35,024 38Hungary0.6412,848$1.57$20,171 39Venezuela0.6912,844$1.59$20,423 40Slovakia0.6112,468$2.15$26,807 41Colombia0.612,264$1.14$13,981 42Ukraine0.5810,797$1.13$12,200 43Saudi Arabia0.5210,629$3.82$40,602 44Taiwan0.469,906$2.79$27,638 45Dominican Republic0.529,870$2.11$20,825 46Russia0.59,673$2.91$28,147 47Honduras0.519,494$1.80$17,089 48Vietnam0.428,125$1.99$16,169 49Philippines0.437,848$2.47$19,383 50Ethiopia0.467,556$0.78$5,893 51Haiti0.467,220$2.74$19,782 52Turkey0.316,450$1.54$9,932 53Thailand0.36,351$1.81$11,495 54Morocco0.315,997$1.62$9,715 55Guatemala0.345,957$2.37$14,118 56Mexico0.295,610$2.55$14,306 57Indonesia0.274,829$2.06$9,948 58Argentina0.214,292$1.76$7,555 59Sudan0.233,694$1.80$6,649 60Madagascar0.193,051$1.19$3,631 61Egypt0.173,040$1.99$6,050 62South Africa0.172,544$1.72$4,376 63Peru0.112,208$2.50$5,521 64Uganda0.081,226$2.86$3,508 65India0.02365$1.83$668 Large Economies Consume Less Coffee Per Person Despite being major consumers in absolute terms, large countries such as the United States, Japan, and Brazil rank much lower on a per-person basis. The United States averages 1.22 cups per day, placing it 24th overall. Japan, with its thriving café scene and canned-coffee culture, averages just under one cup per day. Brazil, the world’s biggest coffee producer, lands mid-pack at 18th with 1.58 cups per day. Some Countries Barely Drink Coffee at All At the bottom of the ranking are countries where tea or other beverages dominate daily habits. India records the lowest consumption at just 0.02 cups per day—roughly one cup every seven weeks. Several African and South Asian countries also rank low, typically drinking less than 0.3 cups daily. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Which Countries Drink the Most Wine? on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

See this visualization first on the Voronoi app. Visualized: The Largest Bodies of Water in our Solar System This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Jupiter’s moon Ganymede holds more water than any other object in the solar system, with 11.4 billion km³ in its subsurface ocean alone. Several icy moons like Europa and Titan may contain more water than Earth, reshaping our understanding of where life might exist. Earth’s oceans represent just a fraction of the total water in the solar system, ranking below Europa, Titan, and Ganymede’s hidden seas. From the icy crusts of distant moons to the oceans beneath their surfaces, the solar system is teeming with hidden water. This visualization from Made Visual Daily compares all known and estimated bodies of water in our solar system, including those beneath the surface, on a volumetric scale. The data comes from sources including USGS, NASA’s Ocean Worlds program, and a variety of planetary science missions, like Cassini and MESSENGER. Comparing Water Volumes in the Solar System Below is the full breakdown of water volumes by celestial body or source: BodyCategoryVolume (Billion km³) EarthOcean1.338 EarthSurface Freshwater0.000105 EarthIce (Glaciers + Permafrost)0.024364 EarthGroundwater0.0234 MoonPolar Ice0.000002 MercuryPolar Ice0.00006 MarsIce0.005 EuropaOcean2.88 EuropaIce Shell0.6 TitanOcean3.9 TitanIce Shell4.1 GanymedeOcean11.4 GanymedeIce Shell8.4 Earth’s ocean holds 1.3 billion km³ of water, but that’s dwarfed by subsurface oceans on other moons. Ganymede, for instance, is believed to host 11.4 billion km³ in liquid water beneath its ice shell—nearly nine times the volume of Earth’s oceans. The Surprising Abundance of Extraterrestrial Water When thinking of water in space, Mars or icy comets may come to mind, but some of the most significant reservoirs lie within the interiors of moons orbiting the gas giants. Jupiter’s Europa, with its estimated 2.88 billion km³ ocean, and Saturn’s Titan, with nearly 4 billion km³ beneath its surface, are standout examples. These “ocean worlds” are central to current astrobiological research. According to NASA’s Ocean Worlds program, the presence of water increases the potential for life, making these moons high-priority exploration targets. Missions like Europa Clipper and Dragonfly are being developed to investigate these alien seas further. How Do We Know There’s Water Out There? Scientists use a combination of techniques to detect extraterrestrial water: gravitational field measurements, ice-penetrating radar, and spectroscopy are just a few. For instance, the Galileo and Cassini missions provided crucial insights into the internal oceans of Europa and Titan. More recently, researchers have proposed new techniques to identify liquid water on exoplanets, using infrared signals from water clouds or oceans to analyze distant worlds. Reframing Earth’s Place in the Water Hierarchy While Earth is often dubbed the “blue planet,” it’s far from the wettest body in the solar system. Including underground and frozen sources, Earth’s total water volume still trails several icy moons. This context reshapes how we think about planetary habitability. As our understanding grows, it’s increasingly likely that life-supporting conditions may exist far from the traditional “habitable zone” around stars. Learn More on the Voronoi App Check out similar space explorations like Top 10 Star Systems with Earth-Like Exoplanets on the Voronoi app.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Ranked: Wine Production by Country See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Global wine production reached 22.6 billion liters in 2024. Italy remains the world’s largest wine producer, accounting for 19.5% of global output. The top three producers—Italy, France, and Spain—together make up nearly half of the world’s wine supply. Globally, wine production is largely shaped by geography, climate, and cultural tradition, with only a handful of countries dominating the global supply. This infographic shows the world’s top wine-producing nations in 2024, based on data from the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV). The World’s Leading Wine Producers In 2024, worldwide wine production reached a recent low of 22.6 billion liters, down nearly 5% from 2023 levels. Although wine production is on the decline, European countries continue to dominate global wine supply. The table below breaks down wine production by country in 2024: CountryWine production in 2024 (billions of liters)Share of global total Italy4.4119.5% France3.6116.0% Spain3.113.7% USA2.119.4% Argentina1.094.8% Australia1.024.5% Chile0.934.1% South Africa0.883.9% Germany0.783.4% Portugal0.693.1% Russia0.542.4% Romania0.371.6% New Zealand0.281.3% Hungary0.271.2% China0.261.2% Georgia0.241.0% Austria0.221.0% Brazil0.210.9% Greece0.140.6% Moldova0.110.5% Other countries1.345.9% World Total22.58100.0% Italy ranks first, producing 4.4 billion liters of wine in 2024, or nearly one-fifth of the global total. France follows at 3.6 billion liters, while Spain produced 3.1 billion liters. Together, these three countries account for over 49% of all wine made worldwide. The United States, the top producer outside Europe, contributes 9.4% of the global total, with California representing the majority of U.S. production. Argentina, Australia, and Chile round out the next tier, each with strong export-oriented wine industries. Wine’s Decline: Why Production and Consumption Is Falling Globally, wine production and consumption are both estimated to be at their lowest level since 1961. Several factors contribute to this decline, including the world’s shrinking vineyard surface area, which directly impacts grape and wine production, alongside extreme weather. While the world consumes over 21 billion liters of wine annually, consumption has been on a downtrend since the year 2000. Younger generations’ shifting preferences towards other beverages have contributed to wine’s gradual decline, along with high prices that have dampened demand in recent years. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, explore more wine, food, and agriculture insights on Voronoi, including Which U.S. States Drink the Most Wine.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Visualizing America’s Leading Causes of Death See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Heart disease, cancer, and unintended injury are the top three causes of death in America. Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, followed by colorectal and pancreatic cancers. Today, cancer causes about 620,000 deaths in America each year, the highest only after heart disease. While it remains significant, rates have steadily fallen in recent decades. A large driver has been the decline of cigarette smoking, responsible for about a fifth of cancer-related deaths globally. This graphic shows the leading causes of death in the U.S., based on data from the National Center for Health Statistics via CDC. Leading Causes of Death in 2024 In 2024, there were 3.1 million deaths in the U.S., with the 10 most prevalent causes responsible for about 70% of all deaths: RankCause of DeathNumber of U.S. Deaths in 2024 1Heart disease683,037 2Cancer619,812 3Unintentional injury196,488 4Stroke166,783 5Chronic lower respiratory diseases145,612 6Alzheimer's disease116,016 7Diabetes94,382 8Kidney disease55,070 9Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis52,259 10Suicide48,683 Heart disease kills more Americans than any other cause, accounting for roughly 22% of deaths in 2024. This is equal to roughly 1,870 deaths each day. Among the primary risk factors for heart disease are high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, and prediabetes. In 2025, cancer is projected to cause 1,690 deaths per day, led by lung cancer. Last year, lung cancer caused 124,730 deaths, more than double colorectal and pancreas cancer, the second and third-highest causes. Ranking in sixth is Alzheimer’s, with 116,016 deaths. Today, seven million Americans are impacted by the disease, and there is no cure. However, promisingly, advances in GLP-1s, like those used to treat weight loss, stand as a top emerging technology in 2025 for their progress in slowing neurodegenerative diseases. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on the countries with the highest life expectancy.

See more visuals like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Mapped: Cost of Raising a Child in Each State in 2025 This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Massachusetts ($44K), Connecticut ($42K), and Vermont ($38K) are the most expensive states to raise a child, driven mostly by extra housing, childcare, and healthcare costs. Raising a child in Massachusetts costs over twice as much as in Mississippi ($19K). The cost of raising a child continues to rise across the U.S., but the pace and burden vary widely by state. This visualization maps the average annual cost of supporting one child in 2025, from housing and food to childcare and healthcare. The data for this visualization comes from SmartAsset. Categories include housing, food, childcare, healthcare, transportation, and taxes. Families in the most expensive states now face annual costs exceeding $40,000. Meanwhile, several states in the South and Midwest remain significantly more affordable, underscoring how geography plays a defining role in family budgeting. The Most Expensive States Massachusetts tops the 2025 list at $44,221 per year, reflecting high childcare prices and some of the steepest housing costs in the country. Connecticut ($41,808) follows closely, with a similar cost structure. Vermont stands out as the third most expensive state at $38,272, but its ranking is driven by a remarkable 25% jump from the prior year. These northeastern states exemplify how limited childcare capacity and rising medical premiums are pushing annual expenses higher. RankStateAnnual costs, 2025Annual costs, 2024One-year change 1Massachusetts$44,221$41,8285.72% 2Connecticut$41,808$38,9957.21% 3Vermont$38,272$30,54225.31% 4California$35,651$33,4416.61% 5New Jersey$35,069$30,18416.18% 6Washington$35,027$30,67114.20% 7Colorado$34,986$34,6161.07% 8Hawaii$33,363$41,479−19.57% 9New York$33,280$34,831−4.45% 10Minnesota$33,197$31,7894.43% 11Oregon$33,114$30,9546.98% 12Alaska$32,947$29,53811.54% 13New Hampshire$32,739$30,7216.57% 14Rhode Island$32,614$31,1874.58% 15Pennsylvania$31,741$27,85913.93% 16Maryland$31,283$27,80212.52% 17Montana$28,954$23,51423.13% 18Maine$28,912$28,2072.50% 19Virginia$28,330$27,2933.80% 20Wisconsin$27,955$27,4261.93% 21Indiana$27,914$23,83717.10% 22Ohio$27,706$25,4548.85% 23Illinois$27,206$26,9620.91% 24Nevada$27,123$29,603−8.38% 25Utah$26,957$23,66713.90% 26Arizona$26,624$26,659−0.13% 27Missouri$26,042$22,40916.21% 28Nebraska$25,709$25,3691.34% 29New Mexico$25,210$22,45212.28% 30Oklahoma$25,210$21,56716.89% 31North Dakota$24,752$23,2976.25% 32Delaware$24,544$29,336−16.33% 33Idaho$24,378$23,6093.26% 34Florida$24,045$22,9864.61% 35North Carolina$23,587$24,157−2.36% 36Michigan$23,587$26,359−10.52% 37South Carolina$23,296$22,1295.27% 38Wyoming$22,755$22,0223.33% 39Texas$22,672$22,1942.15% 40West Virginia$22,422$21,8072.82% 41Iowa$22,173$25,840−14.19% 42Arkansas$21,840$19,21213.68% 43Louisiana$21,798$19,48311.88% 44Kansas$21,757$21,4801.29% 45Tennessee$21,424$20,7553.22% 46Georgia$21,299$22,706−6.20% 47South Dakota$21,174$20,1435.12% 48Kentucky$20,758$20,4231.64% 49Alabama$20,550$20,601−0.25% 50Mississippi$19,178$17,4449.94% Where Costs Are Rising the Fastest Several inland and northern states saw the sharpest increases. Vermont’s 25% surge leads the nation, followed by Montana (+23%) and Indiana (+17%). In fact, many states that historically offered moderate living costs are now experiencing rapid childcare and housing price increases, narrowing the gap with traditionally expensive regions. The Most Affordable States At the other end of the spectrum, Mississippi remains the nation’s most affordable state to raise a child at $19,178—less than half the cost of Massachusetts. Alabama, Kentucky, and South Dakota also sit near the bottom, all with annual costs around $21,000. While wages tend to be lower in these states, the reduced price of childcare, housing, and transportation eases the financial burden on families. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Visualizing the Cost of the American Dream on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Visualizing the $19 Trillion Global Cost of Conflict See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Global military expenditures were $9 trillion in 2024 in PPP U.S. dollars. Overall, GDP losses were an estimated $462 billion worldwide due to war and conflict. Last year, the economic impact of violence reached $19.1 trillion, or $717 billion higher than the previous year. This came as conflict deaths hit 25-year highs, and wars continued in the Ukraine and Gaza. In response to heightened geopolitical tensions, European nations have injected billions into defense spending. Even Japan plans to double its defense spending to 2% of GDP. This graphic shows the global cost of conflict in 2024, based on analysis from the Institute for Economic and Peace. Breaking Down the Cost of Conflict Below, we show the economic impact of violence worldwide, with figures including direct and indirect costs: CategoryTotal Economic Impact 2024 (PPP U.S. Dollars)YoY Change Military expenditure$9.0T$540B Internal security expenditure$5.7T$50B Private security$1.5T$20B Homicide$1.1T-$23B Violent crime$617B-$5B GDP losses$462B$141B Refugees and IDPs$343B$1B Incarceration$142B$2B Conflict deaths$56B$4B Peacebuilding$30B-$2B Small arms$22B-$2B Peacekeeping$16B-$2B Terrorism$8B-$7B Total$19.1T$717B In 2024, military spending grew by $540 billion to reach $9 trillion. Overall, 84 countries increased spending on military as a share of GDP, with Norway, Denmark, and Bangladesh seeing the greatest jumps. U.S. military spending totaled $949 billion, while China followed at $450 billion, in international dollars. As the second-highest cost, internal security expenditure hit $5.7 trillion. This includes costs associated with policing and the judicial system. Meanwhile, GDP losses causes by conflict surged 44% in 2024 to reach $462 billion. Compared to 2008, GDP losses have more than quadrupled, while the cost of conflict deaths has followed a similar trend. Adding to this, the cost of refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) had an economic toll of $343 billion. Today, 122 million people globally are forcibly displaced, more than doubling from 2008. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on Europe’s biggest armies.